Production of Monoclonal Antibody
It is not always possible to create monoclonal antibodies in the laboratory from a sample taken from the human body. Many serious diseases in the world can not be intentionally infected by any human being to get monoclonal antibodies. In these cases, scientists take the help of mice. Suppose, there is a need to create a monoclonal antibody for any foreign element. For that purpose, there is a need to have the monoclonal antibody that is created inside of anybody. Then using that sample more antibodies can be produced in the laboratory.
So for that reason, the foreign element is inserted into the body of any mouse. So, the mouse is now affected by that disease. Now, the mouse body starts making the monoclonal antibody. Now, the cells that are creating the antibody need to be taken out of the mouse body. Mainly these are the spleen cells. now, in every higher animal body, there is a special cell found. These are known as Myeloma Cells. These cells are also taken out of the body. Now, in the laboratory, they are diffused. After fusion, new artificial cells are created. These are known as Hybridoma.
Now, there must be lots of cells in the Hybridoma. All of these cells might or might not create the certain antibody which is looking for. Also, sometimes among those cells, any one cell is creating purer & best antibodies among all of them. so, the task is to identify the best cell from the group of Hybridoma. For that reason, now the cells are exposed to culture in the HAT medium. This is a special kind of solution or medium that is being used to identify the best Hybridoma or the positive cell. Now, after identifying the best cell, it is harvested. Now, the monoclonal antibody is created in a large volume. So, it is now ready to start operation on any human body.
Monoclonal Antibody
The human immune system is strange. it is such a complicated system that can’t be imagined. It is a well-developed process in the human body. Whenever any foreign element inserts into the human body, the immune cells start acting. It starts operations on the foreign elements & destroys them within the body. It is a complicated structure. Whenever there is any threat from the foreign element, it is considered as the antigen. The element that is not a part of the body. And the substances that help to destroy the antigen are known as the antibody. The monoclonal antibody is one type of that.
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