Process of Recombinant DNA Technology
Recombinant DNA technology consists of selecting the appropriate gene for administration into the host, after this, the correct vector is selected with which the gene is to be integrated and hence the recombinant DNA is formed. This recombinant DNA is then to be introduced into the host. Finally, it must be preserved in the host and passed on to the progeny.
Isolation of DNA
Isolating DNA is difficult because it consists of nucleic acid that is contained within the nucleus. Cells from plants or animals are treated with specific enzymes during the enzymatically controlled process of DNA isolation. Pure DNA is isolated from the cells using enzymes like cellulose (for plant cells), lysozyme (for bacteria),, and chitinase (for fungi).
Fragmentation of DNA
The isolated and extracted DNA is treated with restriction endonucleases which snip the DNA into fragments. Restriction enzymes using recombinant DNA technology are important for locating the site at which the desired gene is integrated into the vector genome.
The restriction endonucleases are specific sequences, usually palindrome sequences, and snip the DNA at certain points. They inspect the length of DNA and cut it at specific sites referred to as the restriction site. same restriction enzymes snip the targeted genes and the vectors to obtain the complementary sticky ends. This makes it easier for ligases to link the necessary gene to the vector.
Amplification of Gene of Interest
Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is a technique for amplifying a gene when the appropriate gene of interest is cut out using restriction enzymes. Multiple copies of the desired gene can be generated through this technique. Denaturation, annealing, and extension are the three phases of the PCR Technique.
NCERT Notes Biology Class 12 Chapter 9 Biotechnology: Principles and Processes
NCERT CBSE Class 12th Science Notes Chapter 9 Biotechnology: Principles and Processes: Biotechnology Principles and Processes is an important part of Class 12 Science Notes for quick revision. They will benefit from having challenging study material to use in preparing for the exam. Students can get CBSE Class 12th Science Notes Chapter 9 Biotechnology: Principles and Processes, Biotechnology, the principle of biotechnology, Recombinant DNA Technology, Separation and Isolation of DNA Fragments, Tools of Recombinant DNA Technology.
The branch of biology known as biotechnology is where technology is used to improve human health. Biotechnology is the production, development, and modification of useful products to satisfy the needs of all living things.
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