Plasmids
Plasmids are small, circular DNA molecules that can reproduce autonomously, as they do not depend on an organism’s chromosomal DNA for replication. As a result, plasmids are often referred to as extrachromosomal DNA. Plasmids are important genetic engineering tools as they help in gene cloning and gene therapy.
Plasmids are present in bacteria and some eukaryotes. A plasmid can range in size from 1 to 200 kb and produces enzymes that can break down antibiotics or heavy metals. Plasmids are classified into five types: fertility F-plasmids, resistance plasmids, virulence plasmids, degradation plasmids, and Col plasmids.
NCERT Notes Biology Class 12 Chapter 9 Biotechnology: Principles and Processes
NCERT CBSE Class 12th Science Notes Chapter 9 Biotechnology: Principles and Processes: Biotechnology Principles and Processes is an important part of Class 12 Science Notes for quick revision. They will benefit from having challenging study material to use in preparing for the exam. Students can get CBSE Class 12th Science Notes Chapter 9 Biotechnology: Principles and Processes, Biotechnology, the principle of biotechnology, Recombinant DNA Technology, Separation and Isolation of DNA Fragments, Tools of Recombinant DNA Technology.
The branch of biology known as biotechnology is where technology is used to improve human health. Biotechnology is the production, development, and modification of useful products to satisfy the needs of all living things.
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