Working with Array and Vectors using STL in C++
Using STL library it is very easy to perform certain basic operations on array like Sorting, searching, sum of elements, finding minimum and maximum element of the array.
Sorting
Sorting can be done with the help of sort() function. sort(starting_index, last_index) – To sort the given array/vector. The sort() function works on quick sort algorithm. C++ STL provides a similar function sort that sorts a vector or array (items with random access). The time complexity of this function is O(nlogn). Example:
Input: {1, 7, 2, 4, 8, 3} Output: {1, 2, 3, 4, 7, 8}
Array
// C++ program to sort Array // using sort() in STL #include <bits/stdc++.h> using namespace std; int main() { int a[] = { 1, 7, 2, 4, 8, 3 }; int l = sizeof (a) / sizeof (a[0]); sort(a, a + l); for ( int i; i < l; i++) cout << a[i] << " " ; return 0; } |
Vector
// C++ program to sort Vector // using sort() in STL #include <bits/stdc++.h> using namespace std; int main() { vector< int > a = { 1, 7, 2, 4, 8, 3 }; sort(a.begin(), a.end()); for ( int i; i < a.size(); i++) cout << a[i] << " " ; return 0; } |
1 2 3 4 7 8
Reverse
Reversing can be done with the help of reverse() function. reverse(start_index, last_index): To reverse the given array/vector. Example:
Input: {1, 7, 2, 4, 8, 3} Output: {3, 8, 4, 2, 7, 1}
Array
// C++ program to reverse Array // using reverse() in STL #include <bits/stdc++.h> using namespace std; int main() { int a[] = { 1, 7, 2, 4, 8, 3 }; int l = sizeof (a) / sizeof (a[0]); reverse(a, a + l); for ( int i = 0; i < l; i++) cout << a[i] << " " ; return 0; } |
Vector
// C++ program to reverse Vector // using reverse() in STL #include <bits/stdc++.h> using namespace std; int main() { vector< int > a = { 1, 7, 2, 4, 8, 3 }; reverse(a.begin(), a.end()); for ( int i; i < a.size(); i++) cout << a[i] << " " ; return 0; } |
3 8 4 2 7 1
Finding Sum, Maximum and Minimum element
The functions in STL to do the mentioned works are:
- accumulate(first_index, last_index, initial value of sum): This function returns the sum of all elements of a array/vector.
- *max_element (first_index, last_index): To find the maximum element of a array/vector.
- *min_element (first_index, last_index): To find the minimum element of a array/vector.
Array
// C++ program to find sum, max and min // element of Array using STL #include <bits/stdc++.h> using namespace std; int main() { int a[] = { 1, 7, 2, 4, 8, 3 }; int l = sizeof (a) / sizeof (a[0]); cout << "\nsum of array: " << accumulate(a, a + l, 0); cout << "\nMaximum element in array: " << *max_element(a, a + l); cout << "\nMinimum element in array: " << *min_element(a, a + l); return 0; } |
Vector
// C++ program to find sum, max and min // element of Vector using STL #include <bits/stdc++.h> using namespace std; int main() { vector< int > a = { 1, 7, 2, 4, 8, 3 }; cout << "\nsum of vector: " << accumulate(a.begin(), a.end(), 0); cout << "\nMaximum element in vector: " << *max_element(a.begin(), a.end()); cout << "\nMinimum element in vector: " << *min_element(a.begin(), a.end()); return 0; } |
sum of array: 25 Maximum element in array: 8 Minimum element in array: 1
Count
Count STL function is used to count the number of occurrences of a particular element in an array and a vector. This can be done with help of count() function,
count (startindex , last index , element).
Example:
C++
// C++ program to count no. of occurrence of element in an Array and Vector // using count() #include <bits/stdc++.h> using namespace std; int main() { //implementation of count in array // sample array int arr[] = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1}; // size of the array int n = sizeof (arr) / sizeof (arr[0]); // count number of occurrences of 4 in the array int count1 = count(arr, arr + n, 4); cout << "Number of occurrences of 4 in the array: " << count1 << endl; //implementation of count in vector vector< int > vec{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 5, 5, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10}; // Count the number of occurrences of the element 5 int count2 = count(vec.begin(), vec.end(), 5); cout << "Number of occurrences of 5 in vector: " << count2 <<endl; return 0; } //This code is contributed by akashjha412 |
Number of occurrences of 4 in the array: 2 Number of occurrences of 5 in vector: 4
Find
Find can be done with help of find() function, find (start index , last index , element). This function is used to search for a specific element in an array and a vector. Example:
C++
// C++ program to find element in Array and vector // using find() function #include <bits/stdc++.h> using namespace std; int main() { int arr[] = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5}; int size = sizeof (arr) / sizeof (arr[0]); int key = 3; // Find the element in the array int * ptr = find(arr, arr + size, key); // If the element is found if (ptr != arr + size) { cout << "Element found in array at position " << (ptr - arr) << endl; } // If the element is not found else { cout << "Element not found in array" << endl; } // Implementation of find() in vector // Create a vector of integers vector< int > vec = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5}; // Find the first occurrence of 4 in the vector auto it = find(vec.begin(), vec.end(), 4); // If the element is found if (it != vec.end()) { cout << "Element found in vector at index " << distance(vec.begin(), it) << endl; } // If the element is not found else { cout << "Element not found in vector" << endl; } return 0; } //This code is contributed by akashjha412 |
Element found in array at position 2 Element found in vector at index 2
Contact Us