Recombinant DNA

It is a modified DNA molecule that includes genes from multiple sources, either through laboratory techniques or through genetic recombination.

The technology used for producing recombinant DNA is known as Recombinant DNA technology, which is commonly known as genetic engineering.

• Recombinant DNA is a piece of DNA that is made by the combination of at least two genes from two different sources.
• Recombinant DNA is possible because the DNA of all organisms share the same chemical structure but different nucleotide sequences within the overall identical structure. 
• Recombinant DNA is also known as chimeric DNA as this DNA can be formed by different species of organisms like mythical chimers.

Uses of Recombinant DNA

Agriculture 

Recombinant DNA plays an important role in food production for the number of products made by plants.

• In the case of plants, recombinant DNA has been used to increase the resistance to viruses/pests in crops.
• Recombinant DNA has increased resilience in harsh environmental conditions.

Animals 

Recombinant DNA plays an important role in animals. In the case of animals, bovine somatotropin (bST), is a hormone that is inserted bacterially in dairy cows to increase milk production. 

Vaccines 

Recombinant DNA is used in vaccines that involve the direct injection of genetic material into the human body. A plasmid or DNA loop from a foreign antigen that is the target of immunization makes up this genetic material. Our cells absorb the DNA once it is injected into our muscle tissue and begin generating the foreign proteins that are encoded in the plasmids. These proteins help the immunological reactions that our body has to the target antigen. 
DNA vaccines have the potential to be safer, cheaper, and longer lasting than current vaccination methods.

Treatment of Diseases 

Numerous more illnesses and ailments can be treated with recombinant DNA.

• Patients with diabetes have benefited greatly from the manufacturing of insulin using recombinant DNA technology. The safest and purest versions of insulin on the market can now be produced by scientists in a manner that makes human insulin identical to pancreatic insulin.
• Patients of infertility have benefited greatly from the Recombinant human chorionic gonadotropin (r-hCG), recombinant human luteinizing hormone (r-hLH), and recombinant human follicle stimulating hormone (r-hFSH) are all hormones that help ovulation and follicular maturation operate properly, which is required for fertilization to be successful.

DNA is a collection of molecules that is in charge of transporting and passing genetic information from parents to offspring. DNA is the genetic material of a cell that carries information from generation to generation. It is essential for the survival of the cell. For the betterment of an individual scientists evolve new methods for the benefit or to cure diseases.