Configuring IP Addresses On Routers

R1: 

R1(config)#int f0/0
R1(config-if)#ip add 10.1.1.1 255.255.255.0
R1(config-if)#no sh
R1(config-if)#exit
R1(config)#int f1/0                     
R1(config-if)#ip add 11.1.1.1 255.255.255.0
R1(config-if)#no sh 
R1(config-if)#exit

R2: 

R2(config)#int f0/0
R2(config-if)#ip add 10.1.1.2 255.255.255.0
R2(config-if)#no sh
R2(config-if)#exit
R2(config)#int f1/0                     
R2(config-if)#ip add 12.1.1.1 255.255.255.0
R2(config-if)#no sh 
R2(config-if)#exit

R3: 

R3(config)#int f0/0
R3(config-if)#ip add 12.1.1.2 255.255.255.0
R3(config-if)#no sh
R3(config-if)#exit

R4: 

R4(config)#int f0/0
R4(config-if)#ip add 11.1.1.2 255.255.255.0
R4(config-if)#no sh
R4(config-if)#exit

EIGRP (Enhanced Interior Gateway Routing Protocol) is an Enhanced-DVRP (Distance Vector Routing Protocol) that generally uses DUAL (Diffuse Update Algorithm) to find the best path to the destination. Since EIGRP is a Dynamic Routing Protocol, it sends the EIGRP messages (Hello, Update, Query, Reply, Acknowledgement) to a multicast address 224.0.0.10, and it uses this multicast address for discovering the neighbors across the Autonomous System (AS group of routers and networks working under a single administrative domain). However, EIGRP also allows us to change this multicast traffic to unicast traffic by adding Static Neighbors instead of Dynamically discovering them. Using Static Neighbors is useful in cases when the admin wants to limit the multicast traffic across a particular interface or if multicast is not supported. These Static Neighborship formed in EIGRP supersedes the Dynamically formed Neighborship. 

For example, if we enable EIGRP routing for two connected routers,

• To form Dynamic Neighborship, we can just simply add the connected network using the below command: –

router(config)#router eigrp <AS_number>
router(config)#network <network_IP> <wildcard_mask>
router(config)#exit

• To create Static Neighborship, we have to first add the network in the EIGRP topology, then configure the static neighbor using its IP and the exit interface of the router.

router(config)#router eigrp <AS_number>
router(config)#network <network_IP> <wildcard_mask>
router(config)#neighbor <ip_add_neighbor> <exit_interface_id>
router(config)#exit

This neighbor command stops sending and receiving any multicast traffic for EIGRP on that exit interface, i.e., if the router is sending unicast traffic to create a Static Neighborship it also wants a unicast reply in return on that interface to successfully create the neighborship.