Wild Life Act (Protection) of 1972
Environment laws in India are enacted for the protection of wild animals, birds, and plants; and for matters related thereto either by accident or incidental to it. It extends to the whole of India. It has six appendices that provide different levels of protection:
- Schedules I and Part II of the schedule provide absolute protection, offenses under them are prescribed the highest penalty.
- Species listed in Appendix III and IV are also protected, but the penalty is much lower.
- Animals from Appendix V, for example, Common crows, fruit bats, rats, and mice are legally considered vermin and can be hunted freely.
- Endemic plant species specified in Appendix VI are prohibited from being planted and cultivated
Statutory authorities under Wildlife Protection Act
- National Wildlife and State Wildlife Advisory Boards
- Central Zoo Authority
- Wildlife Crime Control Bureau
- National Tiger Conservation Authority
Environmental Laws in India
Environment laws in India mainly focus on the management and preservation of natural resources. Consequently, several environmental legal principles are enforced to save the environment from exploitation. The emphasis is mainly laid on forests, minerals, and fisheries. The implementation of environmental laws in India is directly associated with the Indian constitution. The framework of environmental laws is mainly enacted for the conservation and sustainable use of natural resources. Not only the laws but India’s international commitment also look after this fact to protect the environment as much as possible. Some of the significant environmental laws are portrayed below with detailed explanations.
The Environmental laws of India not only attempt to safeguard the environment from the crisis situation but also serve as an important reminder of who and how is allowed to use the natural resources and under what circumstances. Under the Environmental Protection Act of 1986, water, air, and land serve interpersonal relationships which occur among them as well as humans along with plants, microorganisms, and property, which is referred to as Environment.
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