Voltage Regulation of Transmission Line
Voltage Regulation means the power to maintain the required voltage level at the receiving end without changing the load or the distance on the conductor. It is expressed in percentage in the formula and denoted as [Tex]\% VR [/Tex]
[Tex]\%VR=\frac{V_S-V_R}{V_R}\times100[/Tex]
Here,
[Tex]V_S [/Tex]is sending end voltage and,
[Tex]V_R[/Tex] is receiving end voltage
Voltage Regulation is very important aspect in transmission lines. By properly understanding the factors that affect the voltage drops and using proper regulation techniques we can make good use of transmission lines.
Factors Affecting Voltage Regulation
- Line Resistance : If the Resistance is more then the voltage drop is more that means the voltage regulation is not proper.
- Power Factor : If the Power Factor is lagging then the voltage regulation is not proper.
- Line Length : Due to long line, voltage regulation is bad.
How to improve Voltage Regulation
- We can use high voltage transmission line.
- We can use capacitor banks which will help in improving voltage regulation.
- We can use tap changers on the transformers to adjust the voltage ratio.
Expression of Voltage Regulation
Voltage Regulation can be called as the measure of the voltage dropped along the length of the transmission line that means from sending end to the receiving end.
At no load condition the sending end voltage is equal to receiving end.
[Tex]V_R=V_S[/Tex]
Voltage Regulation of Transformer for Lagging Power Factor
Now, from the Phasor Diagram we can tell that
[Tex]OC=OA+AB+BC [/Tex]
[Tex]OA=V_2[/Tex]
[Tex]AB=AEcos\theta _2 = I_2R_2cos\theta _2[/Tex] and
[Tex]BC=DE sin\theta _2=I_2X_2sin\theta _2[/Tex]
As the angle between OC and OD is very small so we can ignore it and we get
[Tex]E_2=OC=V_2+I_2R_2cos\theta _2+I_2X_2sin\theta_2[/Tex]
Now we get voltage regulation at lagging load as,
[Tex]\frac{I_2R_2cos\theta_2+I_2X_2sin\theta_2}{V_2} \times 100[/Tex] (This value will be in percent)
Voltage Regulation of Transformer for Leading Power Factor
Now, from the Phasor Diagram we can tell that
[Tex]OC=OA+AB-BC[/Tex]
[Tex]OA=V_2[/Tex]
[Tex]AB=AEcos\theta_2=I_2R_2cos\theta_2[/Tex]
[Tex]BC=DEsin\theta_2=I_2X_2sin\theta_2[/Tex]
As the angle between OC and OD is very small so we can ignore it and we get
[Tex]E_2=OC=V_2+I_2R_2cos\theta_2-I_2X_2sin\theta_2[/Tex]
Therefore voltage regulation for leading power factor is –
[Tex]\frac{I_2R_2cos\theta_2-I_2X_2sin\theta_2}{V_2} \times 100[/Tex] (In percent)
Transmission Lines
In this article, we will be going through a Transmission line, first, we will start our article with the introduction of the Transmission line, then we will go through then we will go through different types of transmission lines with their methods, After that we will go through Voltage regulations and efficiency of the Transmission, At last, we will conclude our Article with some applications, properties, protection of transmission line with some FAQs.
Table of Content
- What is a Transmission line?
- Types of Transmission Lines
- Short Transmission Line
- Medium Transmission Line
- Long Transmission Line
- Efficiency
- Voltage Regulation
- Load Power Factor on Efficiency
- Parameters
- Applications
- Properties
- Protetction
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