Types of Nuclei
Various types of Nuclei are discussed below:
- Isotopes: These are nuclei of the same element having the same Z but different A. Ex– 8O16, 8O17, 8O18
- Isotones: These are nuclei of different elements having the same N but different A. Ex– 6C137 and 7N147
- Isobars: These are nuclei of different elements having the same A but different N and Z. Ex– 6C14 and 7N14
- Mirror Nuclei: These are nuclei with the same A but in which neutron and proton numbers are interchanged. Ex– 4Be73(Z= 4, N=3) and 3Li74(Z=3, N=4)
- Isomer Nuclei: These are nuclei with the same A and same Z but differ in their nuclear energy states. They have different lifetimes and internal structures. These nuclei have different radioactive properties. Ex– Co60 and Co60*
Structure of Nucleus
The nucleus of an atom consists of two types of particles, positively charged particles called protons and neutrally charged particles called neutrons. Protons + Neutrons in an atom represent the nucleus of an atom. The nucleus of an atom is represented by ZXA, where X is the nucleus of an atom, Z is the atomic number and A is the mass number.
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