The Plant Kingdom
All the eukaryotic, autotrophic, multicellular organisms are placed in this kingdom. They are mostly autotrophic but some exceptions like venus flytrap, pitcher plant, etc. show heterotrophic mode of nutrition too. These organisms have the characteristics feature of the cell wall, cell organelles like plastids whose type chloroplast consists of chlorophyll pigment that is capable of trapping the sun’s light energy to perform photosynthesis.
Classification of Plant Kingdom
The kingdom Plantae is further classified into two sub-kingdoms based on their capability to produce seeds; Cryptogamae or the seedless plants and Phanerogamae or the seed-bearing plants. The sub-kingdom Cryptogamae consists of three divisions i.e. Thallophyta, Bryophyta, and Pteridophyta whereas the sub-kingdom Phanerogamae consists of division Spermatophyta which has two sub-divisions; Gymnospermae, and Angiospermae.
Pteridophyta – Definition, Characteristics, Classification, Uses
Pteridophyta is a division of the kingdom Plantae that consists of plants that dominated the planet before the evolutionary appearance of seed-producing plants. Pteridophytes lack both flower and seed and reproduce mainly with the help of spores. Pteridophytes are the first group of plants that have evolved to show the vascular system.
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