The First World War, Khilafat, and Non-Cooperation

The growth of Nationalism in India is connected to the anti-colonial movement. The Congress under Mahatma Gandhi was responsible for forming shared bonds among people, around the idea of colonialism. The First World War created a scenario of new economic as well as political situations in the years which followed after 1919.

Nationalism in India class 10 notes described custom duties came to be doubled between 1913 and 1918, and income tax came to be introduced. This led to a difficult life among the common people. Between the years 1918-1919, crops failed in India, which resulted in food shortages, accompanied by an influenza epidemic. In this situation of crisis, a new leader emerged and led to a new mode of struggle.

Mahatma Gandhi and the Idea of Satyagraha

It is mentioned in the Nationalism in India class 10 notes, Mahatma Gandhi returned to India in January 1915, from South Africa and started a movement known as Satyagraha. The objectives of Satyagraha were an emphasis on the power of truth and also the need to search for truth. Mahatma Gandhi was of the ideology that battles can be won in a non-violent way and unite all Indians.

In the year 1917, Gandhi also traveled to Champaran situated in Bihar, for inspiring the peasants to struggle against the oppressive plantation system. Following, in the same year he organized satyagraha to support the peasants of Kheda in Gujarat, and in 1918, he went to Ahmedabad to organize satyagraha among the cotton mill workers there.

The Rowlatt Act

In the year 1919, Mahatma Gandhi launched a movement nationwide which was against the Rowlatt Act which was proposed; as the Rowlatt Act gave the government numerous powers to repress political activities well allowed for the detention of political prisoners without trial for about 2 years. On 10th April, the police of Amritsar fired on a peaceful procession, which led to numerous attacks on the banks, post offices, and also railway stations. It is mentioned in the Nationalism in India class 10 notes, Martial laws came to be imposed and General Dyre came in front and took action.

The Khilafat issue was then taken up by Mahatma Gandhi which included bringing Hindus and Muslims together. The First World War came to an end with the defeat of Ottoman Turkey and in 1919, the Khilafat committee was formed in Bombay. In September of 1920, Gandhiji convinced the other leaders of the need of starting a non-cooperation movement in support of Khilafat as well as for Swaraj.

The Poona Pact

PoonaPact refers to the agreement between M K Gandhi and B R Ambedkar which was signed in the Yerwada Central Jail on 24th September 1932 in Poona, for depressed class for reservation for electoral seats in the Legislature of the British Government.

Why Non- Cooperation?

It is mentioned in the Nationalism in India class 10 notes that British rule was established in India because of the cooperation of Indians according to Mahatma Gandhi. The non-cooperation movement took place in stages and began with the surrendering of the titles that the government awarded and also a boycott of civil services, the army, police, courts, and also other legislative councils, foreign goods, and schools. After many campaigns between supporters and opponents, in December 1920, the Non-Cooperation movement came to be adopted.

Nationalism in India – CBSE Class 10 History Notes Chapter 2

Nationalism in India Class 10 Notes is about the concept of Nationalism during the Indian Independence Movement, which was fought against the colonial British Raj. In this chapter, we will study some important changes in the 1920s and movements like the Non-Cooperation movement and Civil Disobedience Movements. The Nationalism in India CBSE class 10 History chapter 2 notes will seek to develop an understanding of how the different social groups participated in the movement.

For easy access to the students, we have tried to compile CBSE Class 10 Social Science Notes which consist of the four subjects: Geography, History, Political Science, and Economics, in a single source. Students are advised to go through the entire article to learn more about Nationalism in India.