Structure of Tap Root

Structure of the taproot is as follows:

• The taproot system is made up of primary root or tap root, secondary root, tertiary root, root hairs, and root cap.
• A taproot system consists of single, thick, cylindrical primary root that emerges from the radicle of the cotyledon. It develops into an extremely thick, straight, and slender mass.
• Smaller roots that branch out from the primary root (lateral branches of the primary root) are known as secondary and tertiary roots. They provide support to the plant.
• A thin, hair-like structure called a rootlet is located at the tip of the tertiary root and is essential for the plant’s ability to absorb water from the soil. A root cap that covers the tip of the root continues to shield the young, fragile root as it penetrates into the ground.
• This kind of root system is usually deeply rooted, difficult to remove, and it keeps the soil from eroding while also giving the plant stability.
• Under drought conditions, plants with a taproot system will have better sustenance because their roots may penetrate deeply into the soil.
• The root formation takes place in acropetal succession, meaning youngest or the newer part is found near the growing end of the taproot and the oldest towards the base of the stem.
• The taproot has a vertical orientation, secondary roots are oblique or horizontal, and tertiary roots run in various directions. The ultimate root branches are called rootlets. Root hairs originate from the epidermis of the primary root.

Also Read: Difference between Dicot and Monocot Root

Taproot Diagram illustrates that a taproot is the thick primary root of a plant that develops vertically downward into the soil and branches out into smaller lateral roots. Plants usually have one of two root systems: a taproot system or a fibrous root system. In contrast to fibrous roots, which are thin and branched, taproots have a conspicuous central axis. In this article, we will study the characteristics and functions of the taproot with a well-labeled diagram showing its different parts and structure.