Qualitative Expressions of Concentration

Concentration of a Solution Definition

Concentration of a solution is defined as the amount of solute dissolved in the solution. It is given by the ratio of the amount of solute to the amount of solution or solvent sometimes. However, we can express it in percentages, Parts per Million, and several other ways. The concentration of a solution can be expressed both qualitatively and quantitatively which we will see in the below topics. Before learning more about concentration let’s understand some of the general types of solution...

Qualitative Expressions of Concentration

To qualitatively express concentration, a solution can be classified as a dilute solution or a concentrated solution, which are explained as follows:...

Semi-Qualitative Expressions of Concentration

To semi-qualitatively express concentration, a solution can be classified as a saturated solution or an unsaturated solution, which are explained as follows:...

Quantitative Expressions of Concentration

Qualitative expressions of concentration are relative terms, which do not provide the exact concentration of the solution. To characterize the concentrations of various solutions around us in an accurate and precise manner, we require quantitative expressions of concentration....

Mass Percentage (w/w%)

Mass percentage which is also called weight by weight concentration of solute and is defined as the amount of solute (in grams) present in 100 gm of the solution....

Volume Percentage (v/v%)

Volume Percentage which is also called volume by volume concentration of solute and is defined as the amount of solute (in ml) present in 100 ml of the solution....

Mass by Volume Percentage(w/v %)

It is defined as the amount of solute (in grams) present in the 100ml of the solution....

Parts per Million (PPM)

Parts Per Million or PPM is used to measure the very small amount of solute dissolved in the Solvent. Drinking water, air, soils, etc. are the solvents that have very fewer amounts of solutes in them, which can’t be measured in percentage as a percentage only calculates the concentration out of 100. If we represent concentrations of these solvents in percentage it looks like 0.00002 %, which is not an effective way. That’s why parts per million were introduced to make a representation of these concentrations....

Parts per Billion

Like, Parts per million, Parts Per Billion are also used to represent solute available in trace quantities. Parts Per Billion represents the amount of solute in 1 billion parts of the solution....

Molarity

Molarity of a given solution is defined as the number of moles present in the 1 liter of solution. For example, if 2 moles of NaCl are dissolved in 1 liter of water, the molarity of the resulting solution would be 2M, and the Formula for Molarity is given as follows:...

Molality

Molality of a given solution is defined as the number of moles present in 1 kg of solution. For example, if 3 moles of KOH are dissolved in 3 Liters of water (density of water 1 kg/L), the molality of the resulting solution would be 1 m, as there is 1 mole of KOH present in each Kg of water. The formula for molality is given as follows:...

Mole Fraction

Mole fraction i.e., X is defined as the ratio of the number of moles of one component to the total number of moles present in the solution. It is a dimensionless quantity. The mole fraction of solute A in a solution containing n components such as A, B, C, . . ., N can be calculated using the following formula:...

Normality

Normality is a measure of concentration equivalent to the number of equivalents per liter of solution. It is often used for reactions that involve acid-base neutralization, precipitation reactions, or redox reactions, and it takes into account the stoichiometry of the reaction....

Temperature Dependence of Quantitative Expressions of Concentration

The following table shows the temperature dependence of the Quantitative Expressions of Concentration....

Sample Problems on Concentration of Solution

Problem 1: 15 g of common salt is dissolved in 400 g of water. Calculate the concentration of the solution by expressing it in Mass by Mass percentage (w/w%)....

FAQs on Concentration of Solution

What is Solubility?...