Python binding
plotnine is an implementation/binding of a grammar of graphics in Python. It is based on ggplot2. So, basically, if you’re familiar with R programming and ggplot2, chances are that you would catch up with plotnine in almost no time. There are only 2 noticeable changes in ggplot2 and plotnine.
- In R, a plus sign indicates the code/instruction to continue to the next line. However, if we do the same thing in python, it throws an exception. To cover this, in plotnine, the expression before the plus sign is enclosed in braces and so, could be used like that.
- The column name must be strings. This is more likely a feature of R, where you could pass the column name as a function argument without enclosing it in quotes. However, in Python, if the word is not enclosed in double quotes or single quotes, it would treat the word as a variable.
Installation
This module does not come built-in with Python. To install this module type the below command in the terminal.
pip install plotnine
Example 1:
Python3
import pandas as pd from plotnine import * # load dataset dataset = pd.read_csv("dataset.csv") # ggplot is to plot the given data (ggplot(dataset, aes(x = "area_0", y = "area_1"))+ geom_point() ) # aes contains parameters which work # as x-axis and y-axis for the given plot # geom.point() makes the data entries as points |
Output:
Example 2:
Python3
import pandas as pd from plotnine import * # load dataset dataset = pd.read_csv("dataset.csv") (ggplot(dataset, aes(x = "area_0", y = "area_1"))+ geom_point(color = "label", alpha = 0.7, size = 0.5) ) |
Output:
An Introduction to Grammar of Graphics for Python
A grammar of graphics is basically a tool that enables us to describe the components of a given graphic. Basically, what this allows us to see beyond the named graphics, (scatter plot, to name one) and to basically see the underlying statistics behind it. The grammar of graphics was originally introduced by Leland Wilkinson in the 1990s and was popularized by Hadley Wickham with ggplot.
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