Key Characteristics of B+ Trees

What is a B+ Tree?

A B+ tree is a self-balancing tree data structure designed for efficient storage and retrieval of data in secondary memory such as disk storage. It is a variant of the B-tree, characterized by its ability to store multiple keys in each node, with only the leaf nodes containing actual data pointers. The internal nodes act as index nodes, facilitating fast searching and traversal....

Key Characteristics of B+ Trees:

Ordered Structure: Keys in a B+ tree are stored in sorted order, enabling efficient searching through binary search.Balanced Tree: B+ trees are self-balancing, ensuring that operations such as insertion and deletion maintain a balanced tree structure, which results in optimal performance.Leaf Node Linked List: All leaf nodes are linked together, forming a linked list. This feature facilitates a range of queries and sequential access....

Operations on B+ Trees:

Search: Searching in a B+ tree involves traversing the tree from the root node to the leaf node, and performing a binary search to locate the desired key.Insertion: Inserting a new key-value pair into a B+ tree begins with a search operation to find the appropriate leaf node. If the leaf node has space, the key-value pair is inserted. Otherwise, the node is split, and the insertion is propagated upwards.Deletion: Deleting a key-value pair from a B+ tree follows a similar process to insertion. After locating the leaf node containing the key to be deleted, the key is removed. If the node becomes underflowed, it may borrow keys from sibling nodes or merge with them to maintain balance....

Searching in B+ Tree:

Searching in a B-tree involves traversing the tree from the root to find the node that might contain the desired key....

Insertion in B+ Tree:

Insertion in a B+ tree involves placing a new key-value pair into the appropriate leaf node and ensuring tree balance through splits and updates....

Deletion in B+ Tree:

Deletion in a B+ tree involves removing a key-value pair, adjusting the structure of the tree, and potentially merging or redistributing nodes to maintain B+ tree properties....