Impact of the Fourth Amendment Act
There are several impacts of this act on the Constitution of India and India’s socio-economical and political landscape which are discussed below–>
- Weakening of property rights: This amendment removed the rights to properties as a fundamental right and made it a legal right i.e. it weakened the protection of property rights in India.
- Implementation of land reforms: The addition of “Article 31A” and “Article 31B” provided to the protect the laws related to land reforms and the validation of certain state laws related to land reformations, which paved the way for the implementation of land reforms and the redistribution of land to the landless peasants of India.
- Increased role of the executive: The amendment increased the role and power of the executives in the appointment process of judges and other judicial officials, which decreased the independence of the judiciary.
- Strengthening of directive principles of state policy: The amendment added a new clause to Article 39(b) of the Constitution of India, which required the state governments to ensure that any type of operation to the economic system did not result in the concentration of wealth and resources to the common detriment.
Fourth Amendment Act, 1955 of Indian Constitution
In the year of 1955, an amendment was made to Indian constitution to modify several provisions of the constitution. Basically in the original text of proposal there were a presence of some inconsistencies and ambiguities which were being eliminated by this Fourth Amendment Act, 1955. So, this amendment act introduced some various number of proposals to modify some of the provisions of the Constitution of India. So this was a significant amendment to the Indian Constitution that was passed by the Indian Parliament to address certain challenges faced by the government of India and corresponding State governments in implementing land reformations and acquiring estates of the zamindars.
This amendment added several provisions to the Constitution of India, including “Article 31A” and “Article 31B”, which were provided for the protection of laws related to the acquisition of estates and the payment of compensation for such acquisitions. It also weakened the protection of property rights in India and increased the role and power of the executives in the appointment process of judges and other judicial officials, which has been subject to various criticisms. Despite these criticisms, the Fourth Amendment Act had a significant impact on the implementation of land reformation policies and the redistribution of land to the landless peasants and its legacy continues to be debated in India today also.
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