This table summarizes the variation in population distribution across different regions in India.
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Phases
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Characteristics
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Phase I
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- India’s population growth rate was extremely slow during this time, even having a negative growth rate between the years 1911 to 1921. The years 1901 to 1921 are referred to as a period of motionless or stalled population growth. Because of the high birth and mortality rates, the rate of increase was kept low.
- High birth and mortality rates in this time period were mostly caused by poor health and medical care, widespread illiteracy, and an ineffective distribution system for food and other essentials.
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Phase II
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- People often refer to the years 1921–1951 as the time of steady population expansion.
- The mortality rate decreased as a result of national improvements in sanitation and health. Additionally, a stronger communication and transportation infrastructure enhanced the distribution system.
- This phase saw higher growth than the preceding one because the crude birth rate remained high. In light of the Great Depression, the 1920s, and World War II, this is astounding.
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Phase III
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- India saw a population boom during the years 1951–1981, which was attributed to a sharp decline in mortality rates coupled with high fertility rates.
- The annual growth rate was, on average, up to 2.2%. The introduction of developmental activities through a centralized planning process and the emergence of the economy during this post-independence period ensured an improvement in the general public’s living conditions.
- As a result, there was a substantial natural increase and rapid growth. In addition, the rapid growth rate was influenced by rising foreign migration, which brought in Tibetans, Bangladeshis, Nepalis, and even people from Pakistan.
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Phase IV
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- Although the country’s population growth rate remained strong from 1981 to the present, it has started to slow.
- A decline in the crude birth rate is believed to be the cause of this population growth. An increase in the average marriage age and better living conditions, particularly for women in the nation, had an impact on this.
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Distribution of Population: Facts & Figures
Population distribution is referred to as the spatial arrangement of people on Earth’s surface. It is astonishing to note that 10% of the world’s land area is home to 90% of the world’s inhabitants. To be more precise, the majority of people on Earth—roughly 60% of all people alive today—live in or around the top 10 most populous countries in the globe. This concentration is a reflection of the unequal distribution of human populations worldwide, where a significant portion of the global population resides in some locations.
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