Flora and Fauna
Some animals and plants typically belong to a particular area. The plants and animals found in a particular area are termed flora and fauna respectively of that area. Sal, teak, mango, jamun, silver ferns, Arjun, etc., are the flora, and chinkara, blue-bull, barking deer, cheetah, leopard, wild dog, wolf, etc. are examples of the fauna of the Pachmarhi Biosphere Reserve.
Also Read: Flora and Fauna
Endemic Species
Endemic species are those species of plants and animals that are found exclusively in a particular area. They are not naturally found anywhere else. A particular type of animal or plant may be endemic to a zone, a state, or a country.
- Sal and wild mango are two examples of the endemic flora of the Pachmarhi Biosphere Reserve.
- Bison, Indian giant squirrels, and flying squirrels are endemic fauna of this area.
Wildlife Sanctuary
Wildlife Sanctuaries like reserve forests provide protection and suitable living conditions for wild animals. People living in wildlife sanctuaries are allowed to do certain activities such as grazing their livestock, collecting medicinal plants, firewood, etc. Killing (poaching) or capturing animals, in general, is strictly prohibited and punishable by law in all such places. Some of the threatened wild animals like black buck, white-eyed buck, elephant, golden cat, pink-headed duck, gharial, marsh crocodile, python, rhinoceros, etc., are protected and preserved in our wildlife sanctuaries.
National Park
These reserves are large and diverse enough to protect whole sets of ecosystems. They preserve the flora, fauna, landscape, and historic objects of an area. Satpura National Park is the first Reserve Forest in India. The finest Indian teak is found in this forest. There are more than one hundred National Parks in India.
Project Tiger: It was launched by the government to protect the tigers in the country. The objective of this project was to ensure the survival and maintenance of the tiger population in the country.
NCERT Notes for Class 8 Science Chapter 5: Conservation of Plants and Animals
NCERT Notes for Class 8 Science Chapter – 5: Conservation of Plants and Animals: Plants and animals play integral roles in sustaining life on Earth. They contribute to vital ecological processes such as pollination, nutrient cycling, and maintaining the overall health of ecosystems. However, human activities, including habitat destruction, climate change, pollution, and overexploitation, have put numerous species at risk of extinction. It is our responsibility to take action to prevent further loss and conserve these valuable resources for future generations.
CBSE Class 8 Chapter 05 Conservation of Plant and Animals explains that conservation is the attempt to protect endangered animal and plant species, along with their natural habitat. The main objective is to make sure that their habitats will be preserved. Raising public awareness about the importance of conservation is essential for long-term success. Community involvement, education programs, and promoting sustainable practices help bring up a sense of responsibility and encourage individuals to protect plants and animals.
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