Mitochondria and Chloroplast
Question 1: What are mitochondria and what does it do?
Answer:
Mitochondria are the organelles that produce energy in the form of ATP ( adenosine triphosphate ) through a process which is called cellular respiration. They are very important for many cellular functions and their dysfunctions can lead to various diseases.
Question 2: What is Chloroplast and what does it do?
Answer:
Chloroplast is organelles that are present in plants and algae cells and uses chlorophyll and other necessary pigments to convert light energy to chemical energy through the process called photosynthesis. They also are responsible for producing glucose and oxygen and also play a vital role in the synthesis of other molecules.
Question 3: Can plant cells survive without chloroplast?
Answer:
Plant cells can not perform photosynthesis in absence of chloroplast, which is responsible for the most important process of plant cell photosynthesis which is responsible for producing glucose and oxygen. Plant cells can survive without chloroplast, they just need to obtain energy and nutrients from other sources which are not that effective and sufficient.
Question 4: Are Chloroplast and Mitochondria related?
Answer:
They are related through a process called endosymbiosis, it is a theory that they evolved from free-living prokaryotes that are consumed by ancestral eukaryotic cells. They have similarities in terms of structure and function, having their own DNA, and many more. Their similarities indicate that they have a common evolutionary origin.
Question 5: Do all eukaryotic cells have both mitochondria and chloroplast?
Answer:
No, not all eukaryotic cells have both. Mitochondria are found in almost all eukaryotic cells but chloroplast is found only in photosynthetic organisms such as plants. Exceptions are there some eukaryotic cells that do not have chloroplast perform photosynthesis using other organelles or use symbiotic relations with photosynthetic organisms.
Difference Between Mitochondria and Chloroplast
Mitochondria and chloroplasts are two organelles found in eukaryotic cells that are involved in energy conversion and metabolism. While chloroplasts are involved in the process of photosynthesis, where they transform light energy into chemical energy in the form of glucose, mitochondria are in charge of producing energy in the form of ATP through oxidative phosphorylation.
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