Evolution and History of Environmental Impact Assessment
EIA is regarded as one of the most significant policy developments of the 20th century. EIA’s primary goals are environmental preservation and identifying the optimal balance between the costs and benefits of the environment and the economy:
- The EIA was established in the 1970s. The United States of America introduced the National Environment Policy Act (NEPA) in 1969.
- The Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) was first implemented in rich countries, but it has gradually spread to underdeveloped countries like India.
- The Philippines and Columbia are the first developing countries to include EIA into their policies. It was introduced in 1974 by Columbia and in 1978 by the Philippines.
- EIA is currently used in over 100 countries worldwide. Approximately 110 nations have implemented EIA as a significant environmental strategy by the mid-1990s.
- The World Bank designated EIA as the primary development project in 1989.
Environmental Impact Assessment
Environmental Impact Assessment is the process of determining how a project or development would likely affect the environment while taking into consideration related socioeconomic, cultural, and positive and negative effects on human health. An environmental, economic, and social impact assessment (EIA) is a tool used to evaluate a project’s potential benefits and drawbacks. This is used to forecast a project’s environmental effects at the pre-planning phase so that actions can be taken to lessen the negative effects.
Table of Content
- What is the Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA)?
- Evolution and History of Environmental Impact Assessment
- Objectives of Environmental Impact Assessment
- Environmental Impact Assessment in India
- What are the Steps Involved in Environmental Impact Assessment
- Notification of Environment Impact Assessment (EIA), 2006
- Category of Projects under the Environmental Impact Assessment
- Participants in Environmental Impact Assessment
- Advantages of Environmental Impact Assessment
- Drawbacks of the Environmental Impact Assessment
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