DNA Fingerprinting Applications
The various applications of DNA Fingerprinitng are:
- Forensic Science: Biological samples such as blood, hair, saliva, sperm, and body tissue cells are used for DNA profiling. It is possible to compare the DNA recovered from the evidence sample using the VNTR (Variable number of tandem repeats) prototype. It helps in the investigation of crimes like rape and murder.
- Personal Identification: It makes use of the idea that DNA fingerprints can be used to identify people, acting as a kind of genetic bar code.
- Determining Paternity and Maternity: A person inherits their VNTRs from their parents. Cases of parentood disagreement can be resolved via parent-child VNTR prototype analysis. Additionally, immigration and inheritance proceedings may make use of this information.
- Breeding Program: Breeders typically assess a plant or animal’s genotype using its phenotype. Since homozygous or heterozygous dominance is difficult to distinguish from appearance, the genotype can be determined with great care and accuracy using DNA fingerprinting. Hunting dogs and racehorses can both benefit from it.
- Diagnosis of Hereditary Disorders: It can be used to identify inherited diseases in both newborn and prenatal children. Cystic fibrosis, hemophilia, Huntington’s disease, familial Alzheimer’s, sickle cell anemia, thalassemia, and a host of other conditions may fall under this category.
- The creation of treatments for inherited diseases: DNA prototypes linked to the disease can be identified by examining the DNA fingerprints of family members who have a history of a particular disorder.
- Detection of AIDS: A person with AIDS can be diagnosed by comparing the HIV “RNA” band (converted to DNA via RTPCR) with the bands formed by the man’s blood.
What is DNA Fingerprinting?
DNA Fingerprinting is a technique used to identify individuals by analyzing their unique DNA patterns. Studying the DNA Fingerprinting steps and process helps in understanding genetic relationships, solving crimes, and identifying individuals based on their unique DNA profiles.
In this article, we will cover DNA fingerprinting applications, uses, and steps. You can also find DNA fingerprinting notes here.
Table of Content
- What is DNA Fingerprinting?
- DNA Fingerprinting Diagram
- DNA Fingerprinting Steps and Process
- Step 1: DNA Isolation
- Step 2: Amplification
- Step 3: DNA digestion by Restriction of Endonuclease Enzyme
- Step 4: DNA Fragment Separation
- Step 5: Separation of DNA Fragments
- Step 6: Transferring (blotting) the isolated DNA fragments from the gel to synthetic membranes such as nylon or nitrocellulose
- Step 7: Radiolabeled Probe Hybridizations
- Step 8: Hybridized DNA Fragment Detection
- Principle of DNA Fingerprinting
- DNA Fingerprinting Applications
- How are Restriction Enzymes Used in DNA Fingerprinting?
- How we can Create a DNA Profile Using Short Tandem Repeats (STR)
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