Biodiversity of India – Flora and Fauna
India is one of the mega-diverse countries. It is rich in biodiversity and associated traditional knowledge. India has almost 23.39% of its geographical area which is covered by forests and trees. India represents two realms, five biomes, ten bio-geographic zones, and twenty-five bio-geographic provinces in total.
- Realms: It is a large spatial region that shares a broad similar biota.
- Biomes: Biomes are the main groups of flora and fauna that live in a certain climate.
- Bio-geographic Zones: They deal with the geographic distribution of various flora and fauna.
- Bio-geographic Provinces: It is a biotic subdivision of realms.
Biodiversity hotspots
Biodiversity Hotspots are biogeographical areas that have rich biodiversity and are threatened by different destruction like overexploitation, climate change, pollution, and other human activities. The word “Biodiversity Hotspot” was first coined by the British biologist Norman Myers in 1988.
As per the IUCN “Red Data List,” there are around 36 areas in the world that are qualified as the Biodiversity Hotspots. These Biodiversity Hotspots represent only 2.3% of the total Earth’s surface. They contain around 50% endemic flora and 42% endemic fauna of the whole Earth.
Table of Content
- Biodiversity Hotspots – Definition
- Biodiversity Hotspot Qualification Criteria- Conservation International
- Biodiversity Hotspots In India
- Biodiversity of India – Flora and Fauna
- Why Biodiversity Hotspots are Important?
- Endangered Species of India
- What is the IUCN Red List?
- Tiger Conservation in India
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