Approaches to Human Development
What is the income approach to human development?
The income approach assesses human development based on income levels, considering higher income as indicative of greater freedom and opportunities. It views countries with higher average incomes as more developed.
How does the welfare approach differ from other approaches?
Unlike other approaches, the welfare approach sees individuals as passive recipients of development initiatives rather than active participants. It emphasizes government expenditure on essential services like education and healthcare to improve overall well-being.
What are the six basic needs identified in the basic needs approach?
The basic needs approach, proposed by the International Labour Organisation (ILO), identifies six fundamental requirements for human development: health, education, food, water supply, sanitation, and housing.
What distinguishes the capability approach from other perspectives?
The capability approach, associated with Amartya Sen, prioritizes building human capabilities as the key to human development. It focuses on enabling individuals to lead lives they value by expanding their access to education, healthcare, and resources.
How do these approaches contribute to understanding human development?
Each approach offers unique insights into human development, considering factors such as income, welfare provision, basic needs, and capabilities. By combining these perspectives, policymakers can develop more comprehensive strategies to promote human flourishing and well-being.
Approaches to Human Development| Class 12 Geography Notes
Human development is a complex and multifaceted concept that can be approached from various perspectives. Here are some key approaches to understanding and promoting human development:
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