‘Other Authorities’ under Article 12 of the Constitution
In Article 12 the expression ‘other authorities’ is used after mentioning a few of them, such as, the government, Parliament of India, the government and legislature of each of the States and all local authorities.
Once a body is characterized as an ‘authority’ under Article 12, several significant incidents invariably follow, viz ;
- The body becomes subject to the discipline of the Fundamental Rights which means that its actions and decisions can be challenged with reference to the Fundamental Rights.
- The body also becomes subject to the discipline of Administrative Law.
- The body becomes subject to the writ jurisdiction of the Supreme Court under Article 32 and that of the High Courts under Article 226.
Article 12 – Definition of State – UPSC Notes
Article 12 of the Indian Constitution defines the term “State” mentioned in the constitution. It includes the Central Government, the Parliament, the State Government, the State Legislature, and some other local authorities which will be considered “States” under the Constitution. In this article, we are going to discuss Article 12 of the Constitution, the definition of State under Article 12, and some major cases raised against Article 12 of the Indian Constitution.
Table of Content
- Article 12 of the Indian Constitution
- ‘State’ under Article 12 of the Constitution
- ‘Other Authorities’ under Article 12 of the Constitution
- Public Authority under Article 12 of the Indian Constitution
- Case Laws on Article 12 of the Indian Constitution
- Major Cases Raised Against Article 12 of the Indian Constitution
- Conclusion
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