Working of Diode

The working principle of a diode is based on its semiconductor construction and the behavior of the p-n junction formed within it. A P-N Junction diode consists of two semiconductor regions: a p-type semiconductor and an n-type semiconductor, which are joined together to form a p-n junction

In the n-type region, the majority of charge carriers are electrons(negative charge) and the minority of charge carriers are holes(positive charge). On the other hand, in the p-type region, the majority of charge carriers are holes and the minority of charge carriers are electrons.

Because of the concentration difference, the diffusion takes place in majority charge carriers and they recombine with the minority charge carriers which are then collected near the junction. This region is known as the Depletion Region.

• When the anode or p-type terminal of the diode is connected with a negative terminal and the n-type or cathode is connected with the positive terminal of a battery, it is called a Reverse Bias condition.
• When the anode or p-type terminal of the diode is connected with a positive terminal and the n-type or cathode is connected with the negative terminal of the battery, it is called a Forward Bias condition.

Diode is a two-terminal electronic component that conducts electricity in one direction. It has high resistance on one end and low resistance on the other end. Diodes are widely used in modern-day circuits to secure circuits from over-voltage.

In this article, we are going to learn about diodes and their applications in real life.