Why use ufuncs?

ufunc, or universal functions offer various advantages in NumPy. Some benefits of using ufuncs are:

1. Vectorized Operations

• ufuncs are applied element-wise to all the elements in the ndarray. 
• ufuncs are more efficient than loops as they are applied simultaneously to all elements. Vectorization is very useful on large data sets.

2. Type Casting

• Type casting means converting the data type of a variable to perform the necessary operation.
• ufuncs automatically handle type casting and ensure compatible datatypes for calculations.
• This allows code to be concise and reduces the chances of error.

3. Broadcasting

• Broadcasting means to perform arithmetic operations on arrays of different size.
• ufuncs automatically handle broadcasting and avoids the need for manual array shape manipulation.

NumPy Universal functions (ufuncs in short) are simple mathematical functions that operate on ndarray (N-dimensional array) in an element-wise fashion.

It supports array broadcasting, type casting, and several other standard features. NumPy provides various universal functions like standard trigonometric functions, functions for arithmetic operations, handling complex numbers, statistical functions, etc.