What is Thermoplastic?

Thermoplastic is a type of polymer that becomes soft and pliable when heated and solidifies upon cooling. This property allows thermoplastics to be molded and reshaped multiple times without undergoing significant chemical changes.

Molecular structure of thermoplastics typically consists of long, linear or branched polymer chains held together by weak intermolecular forces. When heated, these intermolecular forces weaken, allowing the polymer chains to slide past each other and enabling the material to become flexible and moldable. Upon cooling, the intermolecular forces reassert themselves, causing the material to solidify and retain its new shape.

Examples of Thermoplastic

Common examples of thermoplastics include:

• Polyethylene (PE): Polyethylene is one of the most widely produced thermoplastics, known for its flexibility, toughness, and chemical resistance.

• Polypropylene (PP): Polypropylene is a versatile thermoplastic with excellent chemical resistance, stiffness, and high melting point.

• Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC): PVC is a widely used thermoplastic known for its durability, weather resistance, and flame-retardant properties.

• Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene (ABS): ABS is a tough and impact-resistant thermoplastic commonly used in automotive parts, consumer electronics (such as computer keyboards and housings), and toys.

Other than these some other common examples are Polystyrene (PS), Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET), Polycarbonate (PC), Polyamide (Nylon), Teflon, etc.

Physical and Chemical Properties of Thermoplastic

• Thermoplastics have low melting points
• Thermoplastics are generally lightweight and  flexible 
• Thermoplastics are resistant to chemicals, impact, and moisture

Thermoplastic And Thermosetting Plastic are two different types of plastics which differ fundamentally in their molecular structure, behaviour under heat, and ability to undergo chemical changes.

While both plastics offer distinct advantages and applications, their unique properties cater to different needs across industries. In this article, we will discuss Thermoplastic and Thermosetting Plastic including the key differences between them as well.