What is the Ferranti Effect?
The Ferranti effect is a phenomenon that describes the Increase in voltage that happens at the receiving end of a long transmission line compared with the voltage at the sending end. The Ferranti effect is more common when the load is low, or no load. The Ferranti effect can be expressed as a factor or as a percentage increase in voltage when the load is connected, such as in the case of an open circuit.
In general practice we know, that for all electrical systems current flows from the region of higher potential to the region of lower potential, to compensate for the electrical potential difference present in the system. In all operational cases, the sending end voltage is higher than at the receiving end because of line losses, so current flows from the source or the supply end to the load.
Sir S.Z. Ferranti, in the year 1890, came up with the theory about medium transmission line or long distance transmission lines proposing that in the case of low loading or no-load activity of the transmission system, the voltage at the receiving end often exceeds the voltage at the sending end. This Phenomenon, known as the Ferranti effect, became a significant aspect of power system analysis.
Ferranti Effect
As we know electricity is generated at power generation plants using huge electromechanical generators by conversion from different types of energy. After that, a long-distance transmission line carries this electrical energy to the end users. In order to maximize the effectiveness of the power transmission and distribution system and ensure the safety of the connected loads and personnel, the electrical power transmission lines require a variety of safety devices and components. The transmission line faces different types of losses and characteristics that influence its efficiency. The Ferranti Effect is one such phenomenon that has a significant impact on the transmission line.
For the most part, we assume that the voltage generally drops in the transmission lines because of the line losses. In a long-distance transmission line with a very low load or no load at all, the Ferranti Effect causes the receiving voltage to be higher than the sending voltage.
In this article, we will be going through the Ferranti effect, First, we will start with the basics of the Ferranti Effect, Then we will go through the Causes of the Ferranti Effect, After that we will go through the Ferranti Effect in Transmission Lines and ways to reduce Ferranti effect, At last, we will conclude our Article with Advantages, Disadvantages, and characteristics of Ferranti effect.
Table of Content
- Ferranti Effect
- Terminologies
- Causes
- Ferranti Effect in Transmission Line
- Ferranti Effect in PI model
- How to Reduce Ferranti Effect?
- Characteristics
- Advantages
- Disadvantages
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