What Is Speciation?

Evolution is the process that triggers the creation of new species. The process by which a new species is created is known as Speciation. The process can be started by a natural process like Evolution. Or Speciation can be started by an artificial process like Hybridization. Creating a new species from the existing species in any form is known as the speciation process. Nature is the main driving force here. Naturally, species want to survive in nature. As they want to survive in nature, they try their best to acquire some new traits into them. This leads to a change in the genetic structure of the species. And day by day, these changes form a prominent figure. These changes will inherit by the next generation.

Through the inheritance process, those changes will be in every generation. In this way, a new species is being developed. Also sometimes, Scientists artificially develop a new species from the existing species. The new species will be able to interbreed & reproduce new offspring. By any means or form, creating a species is known as the Speciation process.

Characteristics 

• The species which will develop by the Speciation process must be a new species. The species should have distinct new features from the ancestors.
• The new species should have some uniqueness in the genetic structure. The genetic structure should be different from the ancestors.
• The new species should not breed with their ancestors. This means the new species should be reproductively isolated from the ancestor species.

Reason Behind Speciation

Mainly the speciation process occurs in nature in two ways. One is the natural process like Evolution. Another is the artificial process like Hybridization.

Natural Reason (Change In Habitat)

In the Evolution process, it is very often noticed that, due to some natural problem, a group of species move to a new habitat. Or sometimes, it may happen that due to a shortage of food, species shift to take new types of food. All of these changes are triggered by the nature. So, natural selection is another driving force behind Speciation.

Sometimes, due to a shortage of food or any other reason, a group of creatures in a certain species moves to another habitat. There they try to grow up in different habitats. So, their anatomical structure will be different from the existing species. Thus, in two distinct habitats, two groups of creatures of the same species develop in different ways. In this way, Speciation is completed by creating two new species.

Artificial Reason (Hybridization)

It is the process by which Scientists develop a new species from the existing species. It is the artificial method. This takes a small time compared to the Evolution process. Due to some experiments, scientists need to develop a new species. In this case, also Speciation helps to develop a new species. But sometimes developed animal species live very small time. Like scientists develop a new species called Liger. It is developed with the genetic interaction between a Lion & a Tiger.

Evolution is the process by which nature gets a new species. Through the evolution process from the ancestor, the new species takes place. This is a long process. Evolution is a continuous process. It lasts for millions of years. After the creation of the new species, Evolution still works. The main purpose of Evolution is to create a new species in such a way that it can able to survive in nature. That is why the Evolution process is a never-ending one. Many subprocesses trigger the Evolution process and help to create new species. The creation of a new species with the help of the Evolution process or without taking the help of the Evolution process is known as Speciation.