What is Message Queue Telemetry Transport Protocol(MQTT)?
MQTT is a simple, lightweight messaging protocol used to establish communication between multiple devices. It is a TCP-based protocol relying on the publish-subscribe model. This communication protocol is suitable for transmitting data between resource-constrained devices having low bandwidth and low power requirements. Hence this messaging protocol is widely used for communication in the IoT Framework.
Publish-Subscribe Model
This model involves multiple clients interacting with each other, without having any direct connection established between them. All clients communicate with other clients only via a third party known as a Broker.
MQTT Client and Broker
Clients publish messages on different topics to brokers. The broker is the central server that receives these messages and filters them based on their topics. It then sends these messages to respective clients that have subscribed to those different topics. The heart of any publish/subscribe protocol is the MQTT broker. A broker can handle up to thousands of concurrently connected MQTT customers, depending on how it is implemented. All communications must be received by the broker, who will then sort them, ascertain who subscribed to each one, and deliver the messages to the clients who have subscribed. All persistent customers’ sessions, including missed messages and subscriptions, are likewise kept by the Broker.
Hence client that has subscribed to a specific topic receives all messages published on that topic.
Here the broker is central hub that receives messages, filters them, and distributes them to appropriate clients, such that both message publishers, as well as subscribers, are clients.
Introduction of Message Queue Telemetry Transport Protocol (MQTT)
Message Queuing Telemetry Transport, or MQTT, is a communications protocol designed for Internet of Things devices with extremely high latency and restricted low bandwidth. Message Queuing Telemetry Transport is a perfect protocol for machine-to-machine (M2M) communication since it is designed specifically for low-bandwidth, high-latency settings.
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