What Causes Genetic Disorders?

Here are some major reasons and causes for the genetic disorder mentioned below. 

• Mutations: Single gene mutations can alter the DNA sequence of a gene, affecting the production of essential proteins and leading to genetic disorders such as sickle cell anaemia, Down syndrome, and cystic fibrosis.
• Chromosomal Abnormalities: Structural alterations in chromosomes can result in genetic conditions where an extra or missing chromosome, as seen in disorders like Down syndrome.
• Translocations: Abnormalities in chromosome structure, such as translocations, can disrupt normal gene function and contribute to genetic disorders.
• Environmental Factors: Genetic disorders can also arise from a combination of gene mutations and environmental influences, known as multifactorial inheritance. Examples include diabetes, obesity, and sickle cell disease, where both genetic predisposition and environmental factors play a role.
• Damage to Chromosomes: Dysfunctions during cell division can lead to chromosome damage, indicating potential exposure to environmental factors that can cause DNA damage and contribute to genetic disorders

Relevant Links:

• Chromosomal Disorders: Principles of Inheritance And Variation Class12
• Types of Mendelian Disorders in Humans and Examples
• Pleiotropy – An Overview and Related Disorders
• Chromosomal Theory of Inheritance
• Mendelian Disorder in Human
• Genetic Code and Mutations
• What is Genetic Variation?

Genetic Disorders occur when the gene of an organism faces some type of abnormality. There are many genetic disorders we can see including sickle cell anemia, down syndrome, colon cancer, Fabry disease, fragile X syndrome, and cystic fibrosis. There’s no way to completely prevent genetic disorders, but genetic testing can help assess risks.