Wastes products in the Bloodstream
As food passes through the stomach and intestines, the digestive enzymes break down nutrients into smaller molecules. In the bloodstream as a result of this dissolution are several harmful byproducts, which include:
- Amino acids produced by the metabolism of urea-proteins are broken down into ammonia in the liver. The liver changes it into less harmful urea because it is poisonous for the body to handle and eliminate.
- Uric acid is created when purines break down in tissues
- Muscle metabolism produces creatinine as a byproduct.
- Ketone bodies are created when excess fatty acids break down in the liver
These wastes would gradually poison the blood and cells if they were allowed to build up in the blood. The dissolved wastes in the blood are filtered by the kidneys into the urine, which is gradually excreted from the body.
Human Urinary System
The process of removing chemicals from the body is known as excretion. Numerous cellular reactions generate diverse excretory products such as urea, uric acid, creatinine, bilirubin, and ammonia. Protein and nucleic acid metabolism’s breakdown products are these excretory by-products. These excretory products need to be removed from the body since a build-up of them can cause a variety of diseases. The three main excretion organs are the kidneys, large intestine, and skin.
Excretory products are eliminated through a variety of methods, including:
- Sweating: Salts, carbon dioxide, urea, and ammonia are all eliminated in very minute quantities through sweat.
- Urine: Urea, uric acid, creatinine, and ammonia are excreted by the kidneys through urine. Urine is also used to eliminate extra ions including Ca2+, Na+, and phosphates. Urine is used for the excretion of numerous medications, poisons, and even too much water.
- Feces: The body excretes minute amounts of water, inorganic salts, bacteria, byproducts of bacterial decomposition, undigested substances, and indigestible food components in feces. The majority of the bilirubin in bile is processed by bacteria in the small intestine and expelled in feces.
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