Structures of Ice
Intermolecular interactions in the solid-state (ice) result in a highly ordered but loose structure in which each oxygen atom is surrounded by four hydrogen atoms, two of which are covalently bonded to the oxygen atom and the other two (at greater distances) are hydrogen-bonded to the oxygen atom’s unshared electron pairs.
Because of its open structure, ice has a lower density than liquid water, in which the ordered structure is partially broken down and the water molecules are (on average) closer together. Depending on the conditions, water can freeze into a variety of structures.
Structure and Properties of Water
Water is a valuable natural resource. Water is essential for the survival of all living things. We can’t imagine a world without water. Water is required by animals and plants to complete their daily metabolic activities. Water is required by plants to synthesize their food through the photosynthesis process. We can all go days without food but cannot imagine going days without water; without water, even plants dry out and shed their leaves.
Table of Content
- Water
- States of Water
- Physical Properties of Water
- Chemical Properties of Water
- Structure of Water
- Structures of ice
- Significance of the structure of liquid water
- Importance of Water
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