Process of Microwave Transmission
- At first, the signal to be transmitted (baseband signal ) is processed or encoded at the transmitting station.
- Then it is used to modulate an intermediate carrier of 70 MHz or 140 MHz .
- Then the modulated signal is up-converted to microwave frequency.
- Then it is amplified before being fed to the antenna for radiation.
- Repeaters placed at several points are used to boost the power of the signal.
- Repeaters can be of two types i.e. Active and passive receivers.
- Passive repeater: They are beam diverters to make the beam pass the obstacle using several parabolic antennas connected by a section of the waveguide. They don’t have any amplifying devices.
- Active repeater: Active repeater includes an amplifier for boosting the signal strength. They also have Frequency translation circuits to change the frequency of the signal before retransmitting it.
- At the receiving stations, the signal is down-converted to 70 MHz or 140 MHz.
- Then it is demodulated to recover the baseband signal.
Microwave Transmission
Microwave is a part of the electromagnetic Spectrum. Their frequency ranges from 300 MHz to 300 GHz, which corresponds to wavelengths of 1 mm to 30 cm. Sending and receiving information by microwaves is known as Microwave Transmission. Microwaves come under Unguided or wireless transmission media.
The repeaters form a network known as a microwave relay network. But these systems are used only in special roles as they are very expensive. These technologies such as wireless networks, and broadcast satellites broadcast television and radio directly into consumers’ houses. Microwaves can also be used for wireless power transmission.
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