Process of Fertilization in Flowering Plants
The process of fertilization in the flowering plants takes place in the following way:
- Pollen is transferred from male reproductive part i.e anther to female reproductive part i.e stigma. The process is often aided by wind, insects, or animals.
- A pollen tube grows down the style starting from the pollen grain toward the ovary.
- When the pollen tube reaches the ovary, it releases the sperm cell into it.
- Only one sperm cell fuses with the egg cell, forming a zygote. This step is known as fertilization.
- Another sperm cells combines with two other cells, forming endosperm, a nutritive tissue. This process is known as double fertilization.
- The zygote develops into an embryo within the ovule. The fertilized ovule matures into a seed, containing an embryo, endosperm, and protective seed coat.
- The ovary develops into a fruit that protects the seeds and aids in dispersal. Seeds are spread by wind, water, animals, or mechanical means.
- Under favorable conditions, a seed sprouts, and the embryo develops into a new plant.
Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants – Class 10 Notes
Sexual reproduction in plants involves the transfer of pollen, containing male gametes, to the stigma of the flower. This leads to fertilization within the ovary, forming seeds. Ovary may develop into fruit for seed protection and dispersal. Seeds spread through wind, water, or animals, and under favorable conditions, germinate to give rise to new plants, completing the reproductive cycle.
Table of Content
- Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants
- Structure of Flower
- Reproductive Structure of a Flower
- Process of Fertilization in Flowering Plants
- Examples of Sexual Reproduction
- Characteristics of Sexual Reproduction
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