Practice Questions on Hydrogen Bonds

What is Hydrogen Bond?

A hydrogen bond is a type of electrostatic force of attraction between a hydrogen atom and another electronegative atom. It is a type of intermolecular force. The hydrogen atom is covalently bonded to a more electronegative “donor” atom or group, and the other atom has a lone pair of electrons. The hydrogen atom is called the H-bond donor, and the other atom is called the H-bond acceptor....

What is Hydrogen Bonding?

Hydrogen Bonding is simply the formation of Hydrogen bonds. Hydrogen bonding is a type of chemical bonding that possess an electrostatic force of attraction between a hydrogen atom and an atom containing a lone pair of electrons in a chemical substance. The hydrogen must be attached to an electronegative atom for a hydrogen bond to form. It should be noted that the hydrogen bond is not a covalent bond however, the atoms present in it are covalent....

Important Conditions for Hydrogen Bonding

Hydrogen Bonding is possible in cases when the molecule contains a highly electronegative atom linked to the hydrogen atom. The hydrogen bonding in water is a vigorous bond between the nearest water molecule containing one Hydrogen atom between two oxygen atoms. Hydrogen bonding is major of two types of intramolecular and intermolecular hydrogen bonding, on the basis of the atoms involved in it. Hydrogen bonding is maximum in solid-state compounds....

Effects of Hydrogen Bonding on Elements

Dissociation: HF dissociates in water and sends off the difluoride ion instead of the fluoride ion. In HF, this is due to hydrogen bonding. HCl, HBr, and HI molecules do not form hydrogen bonds. This explains why chemicals like KHCl2, KHBr2, and KHI2 don’t exist. Association: Because of hydrogen bonding, carboxylic acid molecules exist as dimers. Such compounds have molecular weights that are twice as large as those calculated from their simple formula....

Examples of Hydrogen Bonding

various examples of Hydrogen Bonding are,...

Properties of Hydrogen Bonding

Volatility – The boiling point of compounds incorporating hydrogen bonding between distinct molecules is greater, hence they are less volatile. Solubility – Because of the hydrogen bonding that can occur between water and the alcohol molecule, lower alcohols are soluble in water. Lower density of ice than water – In the case of solid ice, hydrogen bonding causes water molecules to form a cage-like structure. In fact, each water molecule is tetrahedrally connected to four other water molecules. In the solid state, the molecules are not as tightly packed as they are in the liquid state. This case-like structure collapses as ice melts, bringing the molecules closer together. As a result, the volume of water reduces while the density increases for the same quantity of water. As a result, at 273 K, ice has a lower density than water. Ice floats because of this. Viscosity and Surface Tension – Hydrogen bonding is found in compounds that have an associated molecule. As a result, their flow becomes more complicated. They have high surface tension and higher viscosity....

Types of Hydrogen Bonding

There are two types of H bonds, which are labeled as follows:...

Difference between a Hydrogen Bond and Covalent Bond

The distinction between hydrogen bonds and covalent bonds lies primarily in their mechanism of formation, strength, and the nature of the interaction:...

Practice Questions on Hydrogen Bonds

Q1: Describe the formation and significance of hydrogen bonds in water molecules. How do hydrogen bonds contribute to the unique properties of water?...

FAQs on Hydrogen Bonding

State Octet Rule....