Poisson’s Ratio Values for Different Materials
Poisson’s Ratio is a scalar and a unitless quantity. It has a positive magnitude for tensile deformation while it has a negative value for auxetic materials like polymer.
The minus sign in Poisson’s Ratio formula indicates that the ratio of the transversal strain to the longitudinal strain is always positive.
Poisson’s Ratio Range
The range of Poisson’s Ratio value lies between -1.0 to +0.5. However, the value of Poisson’s ratio for most materials is between 0 and 0.5.
For plastics, the Poisson’s Ratio is in the range of 0 to 0.5. When the Poisson’s Ratio is 0, there is no reduction in diameter or, to put it another way, no lateral contraction occurs when the material is elongated, but the density decreases.
When the diameter of the material drops during the elongation process or when the material is elastomeric, a value of 0.5 implies that the volume of the material or item will remain the same or constant.
The following table shows the various Poisson’s Ratios for various materials.
Material |
Poisson’s Ratio |
---|---|
Rubber |
0.49 |
Gold |
0.43 |
Clay |
0.37 |
Copper |
0.33 |
Aluminum |
0.32 |
Cast Iron |
0.24 |
Concrete |
0.2 |
Cork |
0 |
Poisson’s Ratio is usually positive since most common materials get narrower in the opposite or cross direction when stretched. Most materials resist changes in volume, as defined by the bulk modulus K or also known as B, more than changes in shape, as determined by the shear modulus G. The shape distortion also causes the interatomic connections to realign.
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Poisson’s Ratio
Poisson’s Ratio is the negative ratio of transversal strain or lateral strain to the longitudinal strain of a material under stress. When a material particularly a rubber-like material undergoes stress the deformation is not limited to only one direction, rather it happens along both transversal and longitudinal directions. In this situation, material scientists are curious to know the ratio of transversal and longitudinal deformation that occurred in the object to know about the strength of the material.
Table of Content
- What is Poisson’s Ratio?
- Poisson Ratio Definition
- Longitudinal and Transversal Strain
- Poisson’s Ratio Formula
- Poisson Effect
- Poisson’s Ratio Values for Different Materials
- Poisson’s Ratio Range
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- Applications of Poisson’s Ratio
- 1. Poission’s Ratio in Bending
- 2. Poisson’s Ratio in Anisotropic Material
- 3. Poisson’s Ratio in Viscoelastic Material
- 4. Poisson’s Ratio in Phase Transformation
- Poisson’s Ratio – Solved Examples
In this article, we will learn about the longitudinal and transversal strain, the calculation of the Poisson Ratio, and other related aspects in detail.
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