Indian vs. Western model of secularism
Aspect |
Western Secularism |
Indian Secularism |
Focus |
Emphasis on separation of religion and state |
Emphasis on inter-religious equality and diversity |
Religious Interference |
Mutual exclusion between state and religion |
Allows for state engagement with religion if necessary |
Policy Basis |
No policy based on exclusively religious rationale |
State may initiate or support religious reforms |
State Aid to Religious Institutions |
Prohibited |
Allowed for minority communities |
Minority Rights |
Little scope for community-based or minority rights |
Protects rights of both individuals and minority communities |
Approach to Religious Reform |
No place for state-supported religious reform |
State can support religious reforms if needed |
Tolerance vs. Equality |
Tolerance for religious diversity, neglects inter-religious equality |
Emphasis on equality within and between religious communities |
State Engagement with Religion |
Generally disengages with religion |
Can engage with religion positively or negatively |
Education |
No financial support to religious educational institutions |
Support for minority community educational institutions |
Secularism Class 11 Chapter 8 Polity Notes
Secularism, a foundational principle in the Indian Constitution, embodies the idea of state neutrality in matters of religion. It ensures that the government remains impartial and does not favor any particular religion or religious group. Secularism forms the bedrock of India’s pluralistic society, allowing diverse religious communities to coexist harmoniously while safeguarding individual freedoms and rights.
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