Human Development
Dr. Mahbub-ul-Haq introduced the concept of human development, defining it as development that expands people’s choices and enhances their lives. Central to this concept is the focus on individuals and their evolving choices. The ultimate aim of development is to establish conditions that allow people to lead meaningful lives. A meaningful life goes beyond longevity; it encompasses having a purpose. This includes being healthy, nurturing one’s talents, engaging with society, and having the freedom to pursue personal goals.
Human Development Index
Pakistani economist Dr. Mahbub-ul-Haq, known for his vision and empathy, created the Human Development Index in 1990. He believed that development involves expanding people’s choices so they can lead long, healthy lives with dignity. Since 1990, the United Nations Development Programme has used its human development concept to release the annual Human Development Report.
Dr. Haq’s innovative thinking and open-mindedness are evident in a speech where he quoted Shaw, saying, “You see things that are, and ask why? I dream of things that never were, and ask why not?”
Nobel Laureate Prof. Amartya Sen viewed an increase in freedom (or a decrease in lack of freedom) as the primary goal of development. He noted that expanding freedoms is also an effective means of achieving development. His work emphasises the importance of social and political institutions and processes in enhancing freedom.
Four Pillars of Human Development| Class 12 Geography Notes
The four pillars of human development are equity, sustainability, productivity, and empowerment. These pillars guide efforts to create a more just and prosperous society by ensuring equal access to opportunities, responsible resource management for future generations, and the cultivation of individuals’ talents and freedoms.
Understanding and prioritizing these pillars helps create the foundation for sustained human development and overall societal progress.
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