How it works ?
Now, we will see how actually thing happens behind the scene. As we know that MongoDB is a database server and the data is stored in these databases. Or in other words, MongoDB environment gives you a server that you can start and then create multiple databases on it using MongoDB.
Because of its NoSQL database, the data is stored in the collections and documents. Hence the database, collection, and documents are related to each other as shown below:
- The MongoDB database contains collections just like the MYSQL database contains tables. You are allowed to create multiple databases and multiple collections.
- Now inside of the collection we have documents. These documents contain the data we want to store in the MongoDB database and a single collection can contain multiple documents and you are schema-less means it is not necessary that one document is similar to another.
- The documents are created using the fields. Fields are key-value pairs in the documents, it is just like columns in the relation database. The value of the fields can be of any BSON data types like double, string, boolean, etc.
- The data stored in the MongoDB is in the format of BSON documents. Here, BSON stands for Binary representation of JSON documents. Or in other words, in the backend, the MongoDB server converts the JSON data into a binary form that is known as BSON and this BSON is stored and queried more efficiently.
- In MongoDB documents, you are allowed to store nested data. This nesting of data allows you to create complex relations between data and store them in the same document which makes the working and fetching of data extremely efficient as compared to SQL. In SQL, you need to write complex joins to get the data from table 1 and table 2. The maximum size of the BSON document is 16MB.
NOTE: In MongoDB server, you are allowed to run multiple databases.
For example, we have a database named w3wiki. Inside this database, we have two collections and in these collections we have two documents. And in these documents we store our data in the form of fields. As shown in the below image:
How mongoDB is different from RDBMS ?
Some major differences in between MongoDB and the RDBMS are as follows:
| MongoDB | RDBMS |
|---|---|
| It is a non-relational and document-oriented database. | It is a relational database. |
| It is suitable for hierarchical data storage. | It is not suitable for hierarchical data storage. |
| It has a dynamic schema. | It has a predefined schema. |
| It centers around the CAP theorem (Consistency, Availability, and Partition tolerance). | It centers around ACID properties (Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, and Durability). |
| In terms of performance, it is much faster than RDBMS. | In terms of performance, it is slower than MongoDB. |
What is MongoDB – Working and Features
MongoDB is an open-source document-oriented database that is designed to store a large scale of data and also allows you to work with that data very efficiently. It is categorized under the NoSQL (Not only SQL) database because the storage and retrieval of data in the MongoDB are not in the form of tables.
The MongoDB database is developed and managed by MongoDB.Inc under SSPL(Server Side Public License) and initially released in February 2009. It also provides official driver support for all the popular languages like C, C++, C#, and .Net, Go, Java, Node.js, Perl, PHP, Python, Motor, Ruby, Scala, Swift, Mongoid. So, that you can create an application using any of these languages. Nowadays there are so many companies that used MongoDB like Facebook, Nokia, eBay, Adobe, Google, etc. to store their large amount of data.
Contact Us