Genetic Code

What is Central Dogma?

Definition: The central dogma is a particular theory that genetic states the information flows only in one direction only i.e. from DNA, to RNA, to protein, or RNA directly to protein. In short the pathway of the central dogma is DNA → RNA → Protein, or DNA to RNA to Protein....

Central Dogma Steps

The Central Dogma of molecular biology is a concept that outlines the flow of genetic information within a biological system. The key steps in the Central Dogma are:...

Central Dogma – Replication

In this step, the DNA duplicates itself by ensuring that each daughter cell receives an identical copy of the genetic material. Here are the some steps related to it as mentioned below....

Central Dogma – Transcription

Transcription is the synthesis process of mRNA from a DNA template. RNA polymerase binds to the DNA at the promoter region. After that it synthesizes a complementary RNA strand by adding nucleotides according to the base-pairing rules (A-U, C-G). Here are the steps as mentioned below....

Central Dogma – Translation

Translation is the process where the mRNA sequence is decoded to produce a specific protein. It occurs in the cytoplasm at ribosomes. The tRNA molecules bring amino acids to the ribosome according to the mRNA codons, and the amino acids are linked together to form a polypeptide chain. Here are the steps....

Functions of DNA and RNA in Central Dogma

Here we are going to discuss the fuctions of DNA and RNA in central dogma as mentioned below....

Modern Discoveries in Central Dogma

The following is the Modern discoveries in Central Dogma:...

Genetic Code

The genetic code refers to the set of rules in biology by which information encoded in DNA and RNA is translated into proteins. It is an important process to run our body. These instructions are written using a code made up of small groups of molecules called codons. Each codon tells the cell which building block, called an amino acid, to use in making a protein. It consists of a specific sequence of nucleotides that determines the sequence of amino acids in a protein. There are 20 standard amino acids and 64 possible codons present in a genetic code. The genetic code is similar in many living things, and it’s a key part of what makes all life on Earth connected. Understanding this code helps scientists learn more about how our bodies function and how living things are related....

Conclusion – Central Dogma

The Central Dogma of molecular biology outlines the unidirectional flow of genetic information from DNA to RNA to protein. This concept serves as a framework for understanding the fundamental processes involved in transferring genetic instructions within cells. Through replication, transcription, and translation, DNA stores genetic information, RNA serves as a messenger for protein synthesis, and proteins are synthesized based on the encoded genetic code. These processes ensure accurate transmission of genetic information and are essential for the structure, function, and regulation of living organisms. Studying the Central Dogma helps us understand how cells work and how genes control life. This knowledge is vital for progress in genetics and biology....

FAQs on Central Dogma

What is the Central Dogma of Molecular Biology?...