Four Anglo-Mysore Wars
The British engaged in a series of four wars from 1767 to 1799 against the Mysore kingdom, and you can find a summarized overview of these conflicts in the table provided below:
Wars |
Year |
Between |
Important Battles |
Treaty |
Result |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
First Anglo Mysore War |
1767 to 1799 |
Hyder Ali v/s EIC (during Warren Hastings tenure). |
The battle of Chengam was fought on 3rd September 1767. |
Treaty of Madras signed on 4th April 1769. |
Hyder Ali defeated the British. |
Second Anglo Mysore War |
1780 to 1784 |
Hyder Ali v/s EIC (during Warren Hastings tenure) however he died in 1782, but later continued by his son Tipu Sultan. |
The battle of Pollilur was fought on 27th August 1781. The battle of Porto Novo was fought on 1st July 1781. |
Treaty of Mangalore signed in March 1784. |
Inconclusive struggle, both parties sought peace. |
Third Anglo Mysore War |
1790 to 1792 |
Tipu Sultan v/s EIC during Lord Cornwallis tenure. |
The battle of Travancore was fought on 28th December 1789. |
Treaty of Seringapatam signed in March 1792. |
Tipu Sultan was forced to cede half of his kingdom to the EIC, which included regions like Malabar, Baramahal, Dindigul, and Coorg. |
Fourth Anglo Mysore War |
1799 |
Tipu Sultan v/s Arthur Wellesley who served as the Governor of Madras and was also the brother of Richard Wellesley, the Governor General of Bengal at that period. |
The siege of Seringapatam from 5 April to 4 May 1799. |
Mysore entered into a subsidiary alliance. |
Tipu Sultan died on May 4, 1799, the East India Company and the Nizam divided his empire. The British then restored the original Wodeyar dynasty in Mysore, crowning a five-year-old boy named Krishnaraja III as the new king. |
Anglo-Mysore Wars
Haidar Ali and Tipu Sultan fought four wars against the British before the final surrender of the Mysore Sultanate to the British authority in 1799. These wars are known as the Anglo-Mysore Wars and are the longest military confrontations in the history of India. These wars were fought for control over the Mysorean territories between the British and the rulers of Mysore. The Marathas, the Nawab of Carnatic, and the Nizam of Hyderabad from time to time aligned with the British East India Company (EIC) to subdue the Mysore ruler. Because, the growing power of Mysore under Haider Ali worried the nearby Marathas, the Nawab of Carnatic, and the Nizam of Hyderabad, who were all concerned about Mysore’s increasing influence. However, EIC solely wanted to expand its territory, initially, they supported Martha over Mysore later they fought with Martha as well. The EIC’s intentions in Mysore and the Maratha states were mainly driven by commercial interests. Haidar and Tipu’s dominance over the spice trade along the Malabar coast raised concerns for the British, as it directly affected their trading interests in pepper and cardamom. Additionally, the strength of Mysore posed a challenge to the British East India Company’s control over the region of Madras. These above events led to the foundation of Anglo Mysore wars which lasted from 1767 to 1799 in four different time periods.
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