The Pre-Modern World
Q 1. Describe the importance of silk routes in pre-modern trade, cultural interaction, and religious exchange.
Answer:
The significance of silk routes is as follows:
- The silk routes are excellent instances of pre-modern commerce and cultural linkages across distant sections of the world, connecting Asia with Europe and North Africa.
- Silk shipments from China, Indian spices and textiles, and gold and silver from Europe were transported to various regions of the world through the silk routes.
- These paths were used by Buddhist preachers, Christian missionaries, and, subsequently, Muslim preachers.
- These routes proved to be an excellent source of commercial and cultural connections across remote areas of the world.
Q 2. Give two reasons for Europeans’ interest in Africa.
Answer:
The following are two reasons for attraction:
- Africa had a lot of territory and a lot of mineral resources. It had a small population.
- The Europeans hoped to construct plantations and mines in Africa to produce crops and minerals for export to Europe.
Q 3. What are the consequences of scraping grain laws in the United Kingdom?
Answer:
- Following the repeal of the grain restrictions, food could be imported into Britain at a lower cost than it could be produced in the country.
- British agriculture was insufficiently steady to compete with imports. Vast swaths of land were suddenly left uncultivated, and thousands of men and women were out of employment. They moved to cities or other nations in quest of job.
- As food costs declined, so did consumption in the United Kingdom. Faster industrial expansion in Britain began in the mid-nineteenth century, which resulted in better earnings and, as a result, more food imports.
Q 4. Who were the indentured laborers?
Answer:
Indentured labourers were bound labourers who were under contract to work for an employer for a set period of time in order to pay for their journey to a new nation or home. They were recruited by employers’ agents, who were compensated with a little commission.
Q 5. What are three factors that pushed Indians and Chinese to serve as indentured servants on plantations and in mines?
Answer:
The following factors pushed them to serve as indentured servants:
- The decline of the cottage industry.
- A rise in land rentals.
- Unemployment, poverty, and debts are all factors to consider.
- Because of these factors, the poor were driven to move in quest of job. Prospective migrants were enticed by the recruiters’ false promises and became indentured labourers.
The Pre-Modern World
The pre-modern era lasted from the 15th through the 18th centuries. Many centralized governments were held throughout that era time, as were the beginnings of various independent countries as nation-states, and so on.
Globalization is a 50-year-old economic system but the making of the global world has a long history of trade, migration, of people of work , the movement of capital and many more. To understand the phases through which this world where we live has emerged.
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