Rights in the Indian Constitution Class 11 Notes

Rights in the Indian Constitution Notes

These notes help us understand the special rules called “rights” in our Indian Constitution. Rights are like promises made to every person by the government to protect their freedoms and ensure fairness for all....

What is the “Bill of Rights”?

In our Constitution, we have something special called the Bill of Rights. It’s like a list of promises the government makes to protect our freedoms. In a democracy, it’s super important that everyone has rights and the government respects them all the time....

Fundamental Rights In the Indian Constitution

The idea of having a Bill of Rights was put forward way back in 1928 by the Motilal Nehru committee. When our Constitution was made, it listed certain rights that were considered super important and called them Fundamental Rights. They’re so crucial that the Constitution has a special section just for them, with extra protections to make sure they’re always respected....

Ordinary Rights & Fundamental Rights

Ordinary legal rights are protected and enforced by regular laws. These laws can be changed by the government through the usual process of making new laws....

Fundamental Rights

Article 14: Everyone is equal before the law, and no one can be unfairly treated by the government. Article 15: Discrimination based on religion, race, caste, sex, or birthplace is not allowed. Article 16: Everyone has the right to use public places like shops, roads, and parks equally. They also have the right to get the same opportunities for jobs in the government. Article 17: Untouchability, which means treating certain people as lower than others, is not allowed. Article 18: Titles like “Sir” or “Madam” that show someone is more important than others are not allowed....

Overview of Rights

The Constitution allows the government to introduce special programs and initiatives aimed at improving the conditions of specific groups in society, such as children, women, and the socially and educationally backward classes....

What is Preventive Detention?

Preventive detention occurs when a person is arrested based on the suspicion that they might engage in unlawful activities. It allows for the arrest of individuals without formal charges and detention for up to three months....

What are the Rights of the Accused?

To ensure fair trials in courts, the Constitution has provided three important rights:...

What are the limitations on the ‘Freedom of Religion’?

Freedom of religion includes the freedom of conscience, allowing individuals to choose any religion or opt not to follow any religion at all. It also includes the liberty to profess, follow, and propagate any religion of one’s choice....

Cultural & Educational Rights

Our Constitution recognizes the importance of diversity, considering it as a strength of our nation. Hence, it safeguards the rights of minorities as one of the fundamental rights....

Right to Constitutional Remedies

The right to constitutional remedies as a crucial mechanism for exercising and safeguarding fundamental rights....

The Courts can Issue Various Special Orders known as Writs

Writs Description Habeas Corpus The court orders that the arrested person should be presented before it. It can also order to set free an arrested person if the manner or grounds of arrest are not lawful or satisfactory. Mandamus When the court determines that a particular office holder is failing to perform their legal duties, thereby violating the rights of an individual. Prohibition Issued by a higher court, such as the High Court or Supreme Court, to prevent a lower court from exceeding its jurisdiction in a case. Quo Warranto If the court finds that a person is holding office but is not entitled to hold that office. It restricts that person from acting as an officeholder. Certiorari This court order compels a lower court or another authority to transfer a pending matter to a higher authority or court for review....

Directive Principles of State Policy

The constitution makers envisioned that the government and the people would both uphold certain guidelines for the betterment of society. To ensure this, a separate list of policy guidelines was included in the Constitution, known as the Directive Principles of State Policy....

National Human Right Commission (NHRC)

The National Human Rights Commission (NHRC) is a vital institution established by the government in 1993 to uphold and protect human rights in India. Comprising esteemed members with legal expertise, including former justices of the Supreme Court and High Courts, the NHRC plays a crucial role in ensuring the implementation of human rights standards....

Fundamental Duties

The fundamental duties in the constitution remind citizens that along with enjoying their rights, they also have responsibilities towards their country. They were suggested by the Swarn Singh Committee and were added to the Constitution through the 42nd Amendment Act in 1976, under Article 51 A....

FAQs on Rights in the Indian Constitution Class 11 Notes

What are fundamental rights in the Indian Constitution?...