Electron Configuration

Q1: Which electronic configuration of an atom is the smallest in size?

Answer:

The atom smallest in size is Hydrogen(H) and its electronic configuration is, 1s¹.

Q2: Who discovered electronic configuration?

Answer:

The electronic configuration of the elents was first done by the Danish physicist Niels Bohr.

Q3: Why the electronic configuration of Niobium is 4d⁴ 5s¹?

Answer:

Energy Gap between 4d and 5s orbital of Niobium is 1.64eV.which signifies that the valence orbitals of Nb are very close to each other and the electrons from electron fromthese orbitals can easily jump among these orbital and thus it have electronic configuration of 4d⁴ 5s¹.

Q4: How electronic configuration is written?

Answer:

The standard notation of writing the electronic configuration of the atom is by writing the shell along with its respective orbitals and then adding the number of elections in them in the superscript. Example, 1s¹ signifies that it has 1 electron is its s orbital of 1 shell.

Q5: Why the electronic configuration of Chromium(24) is different?

Answer:

The general electronic configuration of chromium should be, 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶  3d⁴ 4s² but, the actual electronic configuration is, 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶  3d⁵ 4s¹ this is because the half filled d orbital is more stable than 3d⁴ orbital configuration. So the electron from 4s orbital jumps to 3d orbital to gain extra stability,

Q6: Why the electronic configuration of Copper(29) is different?

Answer:

The general electronic configuration of cpooer should be, 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶  3d⁹ 4s² but, the actual electronic configuration is, 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶  3d¹⁰ 4s¹ this is because the full filled d orbital is more stable than 3d⁹ orbital configuration. So the electron from 4s orbital jumps to 3d orbital to gain extra stability,

Q7: List the significance of electronic configuration.

Answer:

The significance are mentioned below:

1. They help to know the reactivity state of the atom.
2. It helps to determine its physical as well as chemical properties.
3. It predicts an atom’s magnetic behavior, etc.

Q8: How many electrons does each of the sub-shells hold?

Answer:

The electron filling pattern in subshells is:

• s holds 2 electrons
• p holds 6 electrons
• d holds 10 electrons
• f holds 14 electrons

Electron Configuration of an element tells us how electrons are filled inside various orbitals of the atom. The distribution of electrons inside various orbital of atoms is very useful in explaining various properties of the atoms and their combination with other atoms. The electron configuration of the N (the most common element in the Earth’s atmosphere) is 1s² 2s² 2p⁴  as it has 7 electrons which are arranged in order as 2 is 1s orbital, 2 in 2s orbital, and 3 in 2p orbital.

Let’s have a look at how electrons are arranged around a nucleus for other atoms which rules are useful in achieving the right electron configuration and other in this article.