Elements from 11 to 20

The elements from 11 to 20 in the periodic table are as follows: Sodium (Na), Magnesium (Mg), Aluminum (Al), Silicon (Si), Phosphorus (P), Sulfur (S), Chlorine (Cl), Argon (Ar), Potassium (K), Calcium (Ca).

Sodium (Na)

• Sodium is a chemical element with the symbol Na and atomic number 11.
• It is a soft, silvery-white, highly reactive metal that belongs to the alkali metal group of the periodic table.
• Sodium is predominantly found in the form of sodium chloride (NaCl), which is commonly known as table salt. .

Magnesium (Mg)

• Magnesium is an essential mineral with atomic number 12 and atomic mass 12.
• It belongs to alkaline earth metal group i.e. group 2 of periodic table.
• It is important for normal bone structure and can be obtained from diet or supplements.

Aluminum (Al)

• Aluminum is a chemical element with the symbol Al and atomic number 13.
• It is a silvery-white, lightweight, non-magnetic, ductile metal that is the most abundant metal in the Earth’s crust.
• Aluminum is a post-transition metal in the boron group, and it primarily forms compounds in the +3 oxidation state.
• This metal is known for its high strength-to-weight ratio, making it a popular choice for various applications, such as aircraft construction, automobiles, and building materials.

Silicon (Si)

• Silicon is a chemical element with the symbol Si and atomic number 14.
• It is a hard, brittle crystalline solid with a blue-grey metallic luster, classified as a nonmetal and semiconductor.
• It is the second most abundant element in the Earth’s crust, making up 27.7%.
• Silicon plays a significant role in semiconductor industry due to its unique properties and versatility.

Phosphorus (P)

• Phosphorus is a chemical element with the symbol P and atomic number 15.
• It is a mineral that makes up about 1% of a person’s total body weight, being the second most abundant mineral in the body.
• Phosphorus exists in two major forms: white phosphorus and red phosphorus.

Sulphur (S)

• Sulfur is a chemical element with the symbol S and atomic number 16.
• It is abundant, multivalent, and nonmetallic.
• Sulfur atoms typically form molecules with other elements, and under normal conditions, sulfur exists as a yellow crystalline solid.
• Sulfur has “rotten egg” smell when in certain compounds.

Chlorine (Cl)

• Chlorine is a chemical element with the symbol Cl and atomic number 17.
• It is a yellow-green gas at room temperature and is extremely reactive, making it a strong oxidizing agent.
• Chlorine is two and a half times heavier than air and becomes a liquid under high pressure.

Argon (Ar)

• Argon is a chemical element with the symbol Ar and atomic number 18.
• It is a noble gas, meaning it is primarily found in its elemental form and does not react with most other elements.
• Argon is the third most abundant gas in Earth’s atmosphere, making up about 1% of the air we breathe.
• This element is colorless, odorless, and non-toxic.

Potassium (K)

• Potassium is a chemical element with the symbol K and atomic number 19.
• It is classified as an alkali metal and belongs to Group 1 of the periodic table.
• Potassium has a silvery-white appearance and is soft enough to be easily cut with a knife.
• Potassium has a melting point of 336.53 K (63.38°C or 146.08°F), a boiling point of 1032 K (759°C or 1398°F), and a density of 0.89 g/cm³.

Calcium (Ca)

• Calcium is a chemical element with the symbol Ca and atomic number 20.
• It belongs to Group 2 of the periodic table as one of the alkaline-earth metals.
• Calcium is a solid at room temperature and is the fifth most abundant element and the third most abundant metal in the Earth’s crust.
• Calcium has an atomic weight of 40.078, a melting point of 1115 K (842°C or 1548°F), a boiling point of 1757 K (1484°C or 2703°F), and a density of 1.54 grams per cubic centimeter.

Elements are the purest form of matter which has only one type of atoms. There are total 118 elements found till date. These elements are arranged in a tabular form in increasing order of atomic number such that elements with common properties are arranged together. This tabular arrangement of elements is called Periodic Table of Elements. In this article, we will learn first twenty elements with atomic number 1 to 20 along with their properties.