Different Types of Volcanoes
India is not traditionally associated with volcanic activity, and it does not have any active volcanoes. However, there are some regions in India that contain volcanic features or remnants of ancient volcanic activity. Here are the main types of volcanoes that can be found in India:
- Shield Volcanoes: Shield volcanoes are characterized by broad, gently sloping profiles and are formed by the eruption of low-viscosity basaltic lava flows. While there are no active shield volcanoes in India, the Deccan Traps in the western part of the country are remnants of extensive shield volcano activity that occurred around 60 million years ago.
- Stratovolcanoes (Composite Volcanoes): Stratovolcanoes are steep-sided, conical volcanoes built up by alternating layers of lava flows, volcanic ash, and volcanic rocks. These volcanoes are associated with explosive eruptions due to the buildup of gas pressure. While there are no active stratovolcanoes in India, the Barren Island volcano in the Andaman Sea is a subduction zone stratovolcano and the only active volcano in India.
- Calderas: Calderas are large, basin-shaped depressions formed by the collapse of the ground following a volcanic eruption. The Lonar Lake in Maharashtra is a saline soda lake located within a basaltic impact crater, likely formed by a meteorite impact rather than volcanic activity. However, it is sometimes referred to as a volcanic crater due to its similar appearance.
- Volcanic Plateaus: Volcanic plateaus are large, flat areas formed by the accumulation of lava flows over time. The Deccan Plateau in India is a volcanic plateau primarily composed of basaltic lava flows from the Deccan Traps volcanic eruptions.
List of Volcanoes in India
India, known for its diverse landscapes and rich cultural heritage, harbors a geological treasure trove—volcanoes. Welcome to the world of volcanoes in India! While you might not think of India as a place full of volcanoes like in adventure movies, a few of these fiery mountains are hidden away here.
In this article, we’ll look at the volcanoes that call India home. From the sizzling eruptions of Barren Island to the ancient beauty of Narcondam, get ready to explore the volcanic wonders of our incredible country!
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