Differences Between Ideal Transformer and Practical Transformer
Feature | Ideal Transformer | Practical Transformer |
---|---|---|
Losses | In Ideal Transformer there is no loss Zero Loss | Yes there is a loss in practical transformers. Copper loss (I2*R) in windings, Core loss (hysteresis & eddy current) |
Efficiency | 100% (all input power transferred to output) | Less than 100% (energy lost as heat) |
Winding Resistance | Zero (no voltage drop across windings) | Finite resistance (voltage drop proportional to current) |
Leakage Flux | None (all magnetic flux links both windings) | Some flux leaks through air, not linking both windings |
Core Permeability | Infinite (requires minimal magnetizing current) | Finite permeability (needs magnetizing current for flux) |
Zero (output voltage perfectly proportional to input) | Greater than zero (output voltage varies slightly with load) | |
Current Regulation | Perfect (output current perfectly proportional to input) | Not perfect (current ratio affected by leakage flux) |
Power factor | Remains constant throughout the transformer | Can change slightly due to losses and leakage flux |
Heat Generation | None | Heat generated due to copper and core losses |
Sound | No sound produced | Humming sound due to magnetostriction in the core |
Weight and Size | Lighter and smaller due to no need for large core | Heavier and larger to accommodate core losses and leakage flux |
Cost | Lower (theoretical concept) | Higher due to additional materials and design considerations |
Maintenance | Not required | May require periodic maintenance to check for overheating etc. |
Applications | Theoretical concept for understanding basic principles | Real-world applications in power transmission & distribution |
Equations | Vp/Vs = Np/Ns & IpNp = IsNs (valid for all conditions) | Ideal transformer equations require phasors for practical use |
Difference between Ideal Transformer and Practical Transformer
Transformers use the concept of electromagnetic induction to transmit electrical energy between two or more circuits. There are two types of transformers which are Ideal Transformer and Practical Transformer. We will discuss the operational differences between an ideal and practical transformer in this article.
Table of Content
- What is a Transformer?
- Ideal Transformer
- Ideal Transformer Characteristics
- Practical Transformer
- Practical Transformers Characteristics
- Ideal Transformer Vs Practical Transformer
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