Derivatives Compounds from Benzene
Some of derivatives of benzene are listed below:
- Ethyl benzene
- Phenol (hydroxy benzene)
- Aniline (amino benzene)
- Sodium dodecylbenzene sulphonate
- Toluene (methyl benzene)
- Cumene (isopropyl benzene)
- Chlorobenzene
- Styrene (vinyl benzene)
- Benzamide
- Nitrobenzene
- Ortho-xylene
- Meta-xylene
- Para-xylene
- Benzoic acid
- Benzaldehyde
- Anisole
- Methyl benzoate
- o-Bromo ethylbenzene
- p-Bromo nitrobenzene
- m-nitrobenzoic acid
Phenol
Though both alcohols and phenols contain -OH group, their physical properties vary due to the presence of benzene ring in phenol. The presence of the benzene ring modifies the properties of phenol. Phenol is a white crystalline solid at room temperature. However, the crystals turn pink with time. The coloration is because of oxidation. Phenol has a characteristic odor. Phenol has a molecular mass of 94.11 g/mol.
Read More about Preparation of Phenol
Anisole
Anisole is an organic compound with the formula CH3OC6H5. It is a colorless liquid with a smell reminiscent of anise seed, and in fact many of its derivatives are found in natural and artificial fragrances.
Toluene
Toluene is compound derived by substituting one hydrogen of benzene with methyl group i.e. CH3. Toluene is colorless and insoluble in water. Toluene is used as precursor in many organic reactions
Aniline
Aniline is formed by substituting a hydrogen atom in Benzene with amino group i.e. -NH2. Hence the molecular formula of aniline is C6H5NH2. Aniline is simplest aromatic amine.
Benzene Formula
Benzene is a simple cyclic aromatic compound, which is made of hydrogen and oxygen. Benzene consists of an equal number of hydrogen and oxygen atoms. The formula of Benzene is C6H6. The structure of benzene is a closed ring-like structure that resembles a hexagon with alternate single and double bonds between the carbon atoms.
Benzene is an important compound in Organic Chemistry as many compounds are derived from this using various reactions. Benzene has ill health effects in case of overexposure.
In this article, we are going to learn what benzene is, where benzene is found, the discovery of benzene, the characteristics of benzene, uses of benzene, and the ill effects of benzene on health in detail.
Table of Content
- What is Benzene?
- Structure of Benzene
- Resonance of Benzene
- Characteristics of Benzene
- Why Benzene is Aromatic?
- Chemical Reactions of Benzene
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