Components of Queuing System

A queuing system typically includes the following elements:

• Arrival process: The arrival process describes how customers enter the system.
• Server: The server is the person who provides the service to the customers.
• Queue: Customers who are waiting for service are held in a queue.
• Service discipline: The order in which customers are served is determined by service discipline.
• Service time distribution: The amount of time required to serve a customer is described as service time distribution.
• Departure process: The departure process describes how customers exit the system once they have been served.
• System performance measures: System performance measures are used to analyze and evaluate the system’s performance. Examples include the average wait time, the number of customers in the system, and the server’s utilization.

Optional extras include multiple servers or channels, priority service, and feedback or renege mechanism.

In general, there is no fixed set of processes that run on systems; thus, measuring the exact processing requirements of processes is impossible. We can, however, measure the distributions of CPU bursts and I/O bursts over the course of a process and derive a mathematical formula that identifies the probability of a specific CPU burst. The arrival rate of processes in the system can be approximated in the same way. The development of queuing theory, a branch of mathematics, resulted from the use of mathematical models for evaluating the performance of various systems. 

The fundamental model of queuing theories is the same as the model of a computer system. Each computer system is represented as a collection of servers such as CPUs and I/O devices, each with its own queue. The article focuses on discussing the Queuing System in Operating System.

The following topics will be discussed here:

1. Components of Queuing System
2. Number of Servers
3. Measures of Performance for Queuing Systems
4. Notation for Queues
5. Queue Discipline
6. Queuing Models

Let’s start discussing each of these topics in detail.